location: , 'Thailand year: 2002 source: HSRI

title: Empowerment process of subdistrict administrative committee at Kantuaj Ramual subdistrict Pasart Surin province

abstract: The objective of this study is to empower subdistrict administrative committee (SAC). The concept of empowerment is interpreted as ability to solve community problems. Through the process of participatory action research (PAR), the researchers worked with the studied SAC to develop 5-year subdistrict plan on which community participation was emphasized. AIC (Appreciation, Influence and Control) and FSC (Future Search Conference) concepts were applied. Additionally, case study analysis method and study visits were conducted. Qualitative data collection techniques and were used content analysis was used in data analysis. The study period was during January – August 2001.	The result showed that by using participation concept the SAC could be empowered which was assessed by improvement of their ability in; understanding their problems and needs, causes of such problems, problem solving skill, analysis skill and self determination. Consequently, they developed positive self – esteem, self and other- acceptance and self –confidence. Case study method, dialogue, and field study facilitated the SAC to broaden their vision as well as to realize the necessary of data. Most of all, they became aware of listening to people, getting people to participate in solving community problems led to better understanding of their roles and functions. Recommendations are made in two folds. Firstly, this empowerment process goes in line with the national health care reform policy. It helps those who are involved to be reoriented about broader concept of health, holistic view of approaching community problems and community competence. Such orientation requires changing roles of health personnel working with community. The new roles should concentrate on facilitator concept, resource coordinator. Health personnel should work with and learn from community rather than imposing. However, clear guidelines to bring policy into practice as well as changing budgeting policy are needed. Secondly, it is aware that here is no one empowerment process to fit all situations. Such process is highly context-bound. Furthermore, this process needs them and continuity of activity. Suggestion for further study is on application of PAR to be implemented in monitoring the subdistrict plan.


location: , 'Thailand year: 2010 source: HSRI

title: The Appropriate Roles of the Ministry of Public Health within Health Care Decentralization

abstract: Since 1999, the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) has transferred 28 health centers to 28 local governments (LGs). There were both success and failure. Most of LGs accepted that they lack capability in both health care management and financing. It was essential that MOPH find out other alternatives for decentralization as the law assigned. This was the rationale why needed a study. The research had four important objectives including 1) finding out the alternatives for managing health care units of the MOPH after decentralization. 2) analyzing the appropriate roles of the MOPH linking with the LGs for health promotion and disease prevention in local areas. 3) analyzing the roles of the MOPH’s different organizations after decentralization and 4) analyzing the appropriate overall system governance after decentralization in order to achieve better health care. The research methods consisted of reviewing the national and international experiences on health care decentralization, and brainstorming of the representatives from MOPH, NHSO, LGs, NGOs, experts and community. The obtained data was analyzed with content analysis technique. Then the results of analysis was synthesized and presented descriptively, complementing with relevant tables and figures.
	The result of the study pointed out six important issues comprising, first, health care decentralization in the Thai context was a means rather than an end. The definition was far more meaningful than just the transfer of health care units to LGs, concentrating on population’s beneficiaries.  Second, area health, under the responsibility of the area health board supporting by the MOPH, was the most appropriate option for decentralization since the health care system was united ,not fragmented, especially the referral system. There was economy of scale. The area health was very flexible allowing all stakeholders to join in both service administration and delivery. Good governance was feasibly developed. It could solve the problem of conflict of interest at both policy and operational levels. However, there was a lack of legal statute to support. The area health required expertise recruited as a board member which was very scarce in local area.  Third, the appropriate roles of the MOPH connecting with LGs for health promotion and disease prevention should focus on quality of life improvement, the specific target group services, endemic disease control, and social services provision which were the social determinant of health. The MOPH needed to take responsibility for the pandemic disease control and advanced epidemiological technique development. Fourth, roles of the MOPH changed much after decentralization. The MOPH had important roles in policy setting, law regulation and collaboration with international agencies. The units of the MOPH played an important role for putting the declared policy into practice via health care planning, monitoring and evaluation, resource allocation, technical support and coordination with other organizations.  Fifth, the overall system governance needed a combination of formal bureaucratic system, market mechanism to improve efficiency, and partnership in health working for good governance. And, finally, it should be bewared that there were some effects of decentralization concerning health personnel’s tenure and motivation, and the incapability of some LGs. The study recommended that the meaningful definition of health care decentralization should be publicly advocated. The area health should be more deeply studied and proposed as a national policy. The national board of health care decentralization was essential that it needed to be taken into consideration for the sake of continuous decentralization planning and development. The relevant regulations and laws needed to be revised and mandated in order that the decentralization could be implemented flexibly, especially the establishment of area health and the designing of the new roles of MOPH and its organizations. Finally, it was recommended that the area health need urgently studied in terms of the relations of the structure, authority and service delivery to be clearly figured out.


location: , 'Thailand year: 2023 source: HSRI

title: From Whole Genome Sequencing and OMICs Profile in Tissue and Liquid Biopsy to Novel Testing Panel for Screening, Diagnosis, Precision Treatment and Monitoring in Non-Targetable Gene Lung Cancer (Year 2021)

abstract: Currently, lung cancer treatment has been developing in several approaches such as; conservative chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or novel targeted therapies which increase the overall response rate, survival rate with good quality of life for the patients. This study aims to explore the whole genome sequencing profile and omics profile in non-targetable advanced non-small cell lung cancer both in tissue and in liquid biopsy. The results of this research project will lead to developing of screening, diagnosis, personalized therapy, and monitor of treatment in this group of patients. We will explore the data according to Thai population which might be different from the other ethnicity and this will lead to developing the new drug for Thai lung cancer patients. This research project composed of 7 sub-research projects which we completed the first-year aim. The first, second, third, fifth, and seventh sub-research projects will continue the research for the consecutive years. Furthermore, the first, second, and the seventh subresearch projects are in the process of preparing for Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) for the second-year proposal aim. In the first year, we could prepare the good quality of DNA and RNA as our purpose in order to proceed in NGS. Regarding the third, fourth, and fifth subresearch projects we found the initial result in potential biomarkers for predicting of treatment response. We also explored the clinical characteristics of 17 locally advanced and advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Majority of patient were male, former/current smokers, adenocarcinoma with the high prevalence of PD-L1 expression (TPS = 1-49%: 23.5 % and TPS ≥ 50%: 35.8 %). In conclusion, the study of molecular alterations in Thai lung cancer patients is very important for drug development in order to drive the innovative lung cancer treatment. However, the other important issue and concern is exploring the whole genome sequencing profile and omics profile in non-targetable advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Our research team hope the results of this research project will lead to developing of screening, diagnosis, personalized therapy, and monitor of treatment in this group of patients.


location: , 'Thailand year: 2021 source: HSRI

title: The preparedness and responses of the health services system to the COVID-19 crisis in Thailand: Hospital operation and economic and social impacts within the boundary of the health services system

abstract: The research project on the preparedness and responses of the health services system to the COVID-19 crisis in Thailand: Hospital operation and economic and social impacts within the boundary of the health services system consisted of 6 main parts using mixed research methods, pursuing the following key objectives: (1) To study overall research areas and topics for health services system to prepare and respond to the COVID-19 situation focusing on hospital systems, and economic and social impacts within the boundary of the system by reviewing key literature and expert panel suggestions, and by piloting data collection based on the framework. (2) To study key characteristics of hospital wards and innovation in hospital services for COVID-19, and to synthesize recommendations for hospital accreditation processes by making case studies on selected hospitals, and sharing discussions in focus groups. (3) To study challenges, problems, obstacles, preparedness, adaptation and new normal in key service offerings by hospitals in response to the COVID-19 situations, and synthesize new normal that may persist after the crisis by surveying hospitals and surveyors of the hospital accreditation programs in Thailand, organizing online focus groups and case study of the Bangkok area. (4) To estimate cost and opportunity costs of a hospital in responding to the COVID-19 situation involving all kinds of activities in a hospital by working with a case-study hospital. (5) To study and monitor operations of universal health coverage schemes in Thailand in responding to the COVID-1 9 situations, including reimbursement in the fiscal year B.E.2563 by reviewing documents and analysis of the reimbursement databases of the universal coverage scheme (UCS) and (6) To study governmental mechanisms in responding to the COVID-19 situation in Thailand, including key features in different phases of the situation, policies and measures to prevent and control the pandemic situation, related factors, and consequences by examining overall situations and making case studies of selected key events.


location: , 'Thailand year: 2022 source: HSRI

title: Policy Options and Guidelines to Reform and Strengthen the Roles of Village Health Volunteers and Bangkok Health Volunteers towards the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

abstract: This qualitative study aims to develop the policy recommendation in order to support reform of roles of village health volunteers and Bangkok health volunteers for sustainable development goal. Specific objectives are defined as follows: a) to determine the alternative choices of roles reform, b) analyze and synthesize the policy recommendations about these criteria or guidelines, c) assess potential choices to support this roles reform in order to achieve the sustainable goals, and d) to propose development strategies for administrative authorities in supporting this reform process and implementation. Documentation reviews, case studies investigation, participatory action research and future search are deployed, in-depth interviewing and focus group discussion of all stakeholders and health volunteers were purposively recruited and actively participating in the data collection process. Their ideas or opinions are shared and coded into themes. Participants are village health volunteers and Bangkok health volunteers, community leaders, local authorities who support health volunteer work as well as others stakeholder in community health care system. A total of 800 participants were selected from 7 provinces; Nakhon Ratchasima, Chanthaburi, Kanchanaburi, Chiangmai, Roi-et, Pattani, Surathani and Bangkok Metropolitan Administration. The findings illustrated that present role of village/ community health volunteers align and reaffirm with Astana declaration 2018. Responsibilities are defined as follows; a) providing the service and integrate to essential primary health care, b) empowering of various sectors in driving policies and activities for good health, and c) empowering people and communities to take care of their own health. In presence, roles of being primary health care providers and public health work are predominated than other two roles which are influenced by policy from ministry of public health and need for community acceptance of village health volunteers themselves. However, the future roles could be shifted or up-skilled as community health care managers who can support and promote self-care in their community and perform as caregivers. In order to create behavioral change and improve quality of life as a whole by means of community participation and work collaboratively with local administrative authority. Acting as a leader in community health care teams, working together with family doctors and healthcare networks. Nevertheless, barriers and challenges that volunteers facing are listed as follows; lack of supportive medical devices, age of volunteers, accessibility to training courses for their competency development. In urban setting like Bangkok, district health volunteers have troubles in reaching their people due to acceptance. An important challenge is Thailand become an aging society, which creates a high demand for services such as long-term care from village health volunteer, and this factor is driving the change roles, operations and management. The results of the synthesis of alternative approaches to support the role of village health volunteers and Bangkok health volunteers in order to achieve sustainable development goals offer four approaches; 1) using same approach as Ministry of Public Health implementing (no change), 2) no change but add up or enhancing village health volunteers and Bangkok health volunteers’ power and competencies, 3) relocate village health volunteers and Bangkok health volunteers to work under local administration organizations, and 4) relocate to work under the management of the Prime Minister's Office with the Act to support the work of the village health volunteers and Bangkok health volunteers. The results of the alternative assessment revealed that the current model does not respond effectively to challenging problems. The ideal model is to change to work under the management of the Prime Minister's Office so that village health volunteers and Bangkok health volunteers can manage themselves. However, there is still a lack of law to support the operation. This research concludes that the implementation of the current guidelines with improvements to enhance the potential of the village health volunteers and Bangkok health volunteers Club of Thailand and village health volunteers and Bangkok health volunteers Club/VHV club at the local level for effective self-management could be an appropriate approach that will lead to self-management of village health volunteers and Bangkok health volunteers in the future. This research presents criteria for considering 7 alternative issues, namely; 1) government policy, 2) policy of the Department of Health Service Support, 3) having sufficient budget, 4) the competency of the village health volunteers and Bangkok health volunteers; 5) efficiency of the health care management of VHVs, 6) strengthening of the village health volunteers and Bangkok health volunteers club, and 7) promoting public acceptance. This research offers a preliminary approach to development to support reform of the role of health volunteers towards achieving sustainable development goals, consisted of; 1) accelerate self-assessment report and set up effective database of village health volunteer registration system, 2) strengthening village health volunteer clubs in all level coordinate as networking, 3) Supporting authorities such as department of health service support, ministry of public health and health department of Bangkok Metropolitan Administration should implement these operational strategies as follows: 3.1) support human capacity building for village health volunteers and Bangkok health volunteers by development plan with timeframe and coverage, 3.2) establish mentoring system for village health volunteers and Bangkok health volunteers via creating networking system, and 3.3) proactive public relations acknowledging health volunteers’ services in order to motivate and improve the roles’ of health volunteers, and lastly 4) local government administrations including provincial administration organization contribute budgets and support capacity building in order to improve their competencies and work more effectively to achieve the better quality of life of people in their communities.


location: , 'Thailand year: 2023 source: HSRI

title: The Roles of Provincial Public Health Office and District Public Health Office after Devolution of Sub-District Health Promotion Hospital to Provincial Administrative Organization

abstract: The devolution of sub- district health promotion hospital to provincial administrative organization effect to the roles of provincial public health office and district public health office. This study aimed to investigate the roles of provincial public health office and district public health office after devolution of sub- district health promotion hospital to provincial administrative organization and synthesize policy suggestions. Mixed methods were used. The Qualitative data were gathered using semi-structured interviews and focus group. The participants, from 8 provinces representative of each region, involved the experts, administrators of Ministry of Public Health, policy makers, chiefs of provincial public health office, district public health executives, district chiefs, and district public health officers. The quantitative data were collected using questionnaire. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Policy suggestions were synthesized from the analysis of qualitative and quantitative data, and connoisseurship. The findings showed that the roles of both offices were the same as before with some new operations in order to solve the problems consequence the devolution: 1) transition phase; the provincial public health office operated as the prior roles and followed Primary Health System Act, 2019, and been the preceptor of district public health office for preparing the readiness and promoting the officers’ competencies of district public health offices to be the academic offices; however. The roles of district public health office should be modified by the ministerial regulations. 2) devolution complete phase; the provincial public health office operated as the prior roles with some modifies roles according to the modified roles of the district public health office. These modified roles involved upgrading the district public health office to be the academic office and enhancing the competency of officers to be the consultants and the evidence-based information providers, being regulators to evaluate the quality of primary care services of all sectors in the area of their district, and improving health consumer protection system.


location: , 'Thailand year: 1998 source: HSRI

title: Survey of risk behavior, risk situation, health information, health information perception: third issue public hospital administration

abstract: Survey of risk behavior, risk environment, health information, health information perception: third issue,  Public Hospital AdministrationThe purpose of this survey is to study opinions of four groups of personnel in public hospitals. They are doctors, nurses, technicians and officials. Data collection was conducted through cluster and area sampling with questionnaire and interviews. The total respondents are 1,546 cases. Frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation in QPS program were used for data analysis including open ended information. Results are the following. 1.Satisfaction towards services provided for people. The sampled population of public health  have found various services provided for people satisfactory at  the medium level. The first priority of satisfaction was the  condition of single rooms for in patients. Then, card services for new and old patients, seats for waiting out-patients,  pharmacy services, and patient reception were also found satisfactory. The least satisfaction was found towards  facilities such as rest rooms and drinking water. Male samples' satisfaction is higher than those of female. Moreover, the samples in rural areas have higher satisfaction compared to those in urban areas. Besides, the samples in the east have satisfaction at a higher level compared to the rest. 2.Problems  and Problems Solving in Public Health Services. The most  serious problems found are insufficient budget and too few sources of supportive budget. Apart form these, other serious  problems are insufficient supply and outdated office equipment,  patients by the services and personnel. As a result the staff work is Overloaded.Besides, the samples also  raised more problems about insufficient staffmembers. Secondly, the problems are about fringe benift, salary, insufficient  facilities, and lack of officials' morale. Moreover, bosses or administrators are non - supportive, injustice, ignorant to staff's opinions, lack of support in problems solving and not  keeping up the staff morale. Also, officials are irresponsible and inattentive. Lastly, doctors are tardy. As for problems  solving in public health services, the samples' suggestions are  the following. More budget should be allocated. More supply and  equipment should be provided. Coordination and cooperation in the organization as well as salary and fringe benefit should be  improved. In addition, the suggestions also concentrate on increasing fringe benefit and salary as the first priority. Secondly, the solution should focus on increasing personnel,  impartial administrators, more training courses for staff development and punctual working doctors. Female samples' opinions towards the problems of public health services are at  a higher level compared to those of male. The samples in urban areas think the problems are more serious than those in rural areas. Also, the samples in the north and the east think the problems are more serious compared with those in other regions. Male and female samples in both urban and rural areas and  almost all samples agree that more budget allocation should be provided as the first priority. Only the samples in Bangkok think buildings should be  extended and more spacious.Howwever, the samples in the wes  think more supply and equipment should be provided. 	3.Opinions towards Executive Agency. The majority of sampled population agree that the concept of executive agency is good, but almost  impossible in practice. The reasons are insufficient budget,  non-conductive administration system, no cooperation among  staff members, and vague concept in problems solving. The suggestions are the following. More budget and reengineering of  the administration system are needed with a clear policy and concept. More explanation and cooperation among staff members are necessary. Administrators should have vision, efficiency and responsibility. Male samples' opinions towards executive agency are at a higher level compared to those of female.  However, the latter group think there is less possibility  compared with the former because of insufficient budget. Like  the samples in urban and rural areas, almost every sample in every region, except Bangkok and the east, agree that  reengineering of the administration system should be conducted as the first priority. 	4.Recommendations for Public Hospitals. All samples agree that quality assessment for hospital services should be conducted as the first priority. Secondly, male and  female samples, urban and rural samples, a most every sample, except Bangkok, agree that a higher standard of services should  be set up as the first priority.


location: , 'Thailand year: 2008 source: HSRI

title: Health and safety of workforce manangement in small industries in Rural areas : a case study of wooden furniture factories in Loei province

abstract: Workers in small industries in rural areas work under unhealthy and poor environmental
conditions because of the limitation of local health services. In addition, unsafe
equipment and chemicals are commonly used in the manufacturing process. This study
explored the working processes in wooden furniture factories in Loei Province after the
workers had received information about the health and safety of workers, and about the health and environmental risks in surrounding communities affected by these small industries.
This study employed both qualitative methods, including participation observation,
in-depth interviews, group discussions and questionnaire interviews, as well as
quantitative methods, such as secondary data analysis from existing documents. The
results of the study showed that the manufacturing processes of these kinds of factories
might be directly harmful to the health and safety of the workers. Poor working conditions,
for example, dust, smoke and noise pollution, might not only affect the health and
safety of these workers but also afftect the health of their family members and communities.
Community hospitals and tambon administrations should be major stakeholders in
managing theses occupational health problems by launching a “healthy public” policy
and providing all sectors with guidance, including that on the manufacturers, workers,
and health centers or primary care units. Moreover, management at the national policy
level should be implemented by providing a simplified version of the diagnosing process
of diseases related to occupational health, strengthening occupational health surveillance
in local settings and initiating prospective cohort studies to identify specific determinants
of local occupational diseases.


location: , 'Thailand year: 2017 source: HSRI

title: A study of mutated Burkholderia pseudomallei isolated from Lower northeastern part of Thailand

abstract: Burkholderia pseudomallei are a causative agent of melioidosis and ceftazidime is the drug of choice for treatment. However, the motility rate is high in endemic areas. This study aimed to investigate an incident of the blaPenA and blaOXA mutation and tendency of β-lactam antibiotics in B. pseudomallei from patients admitted to hospitals in lower North-East Thailand. A total of 1,340 isolates of patients with B. pseudomallei admitted to Sappasitthiprasong Hospital, Sisaket Hospital, and Amnatcharoen Hospital between January 2013 and February 2015 were determined for antimicrobial susceptibility by standard disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the detection of blaPenA and blaOXA in β-lactamase genes with the specific primers. Almost all of the clinical isolates of B. pseudomallei were susceptible to ceftazidime, piperacillin, cotrimoxazole, cipofloxacin, and imipenem by the standard disk diffusion test. Cefatzidime MIC was ≤1-≥32 μg/ml and imipenem MIC was ≤0.5-≥8 μg/ml. MIC50 and MIC90 of ceftazidime were 2 μg/ml and 4 μg/ml respectively, and MIC50 and MIC90 of imipenem were ≤0.5 μg/ml and 1 μg/ml respectively. The conventional PCR followed by gel electrophoresis revealed that only Class D beta-lactamase gene or oxa was detected in all DNA samples isolated from B. pseudomallei. DNA sequencing followed by amino acid analysis and comparison by the bioinformatic approach found that all translated amino acid sequences showed 100% identity to those reported in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. This result demonstrated that there were no any mutations in oxa gene in B. pseudomallei. PenA gene was not detected in all DNA samples. However, the penA gene with the length of 300-500 bp was detected from the beginning of this study. It is suggested that this amplified product be sent for sequencing to confirm that it is penA.


location: , 'Thailand year: 2022 source: HSRI

title: The Assessment of Physical Activity Programs Implementation in the Thai Urban-Setting against the Global Action Plan on Physical Activity Strategic Actions

abstract: Physical inactivity is ranked number four leading risk factor of premature deaths from non-communicable diseases. The Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018-2030 (GAPPA), adopted in the 71st World Health Assembly in 2018 emphasizes the need for a whole-of-society approach to creating social, cultural, economic, and environments conducive to physical activity. This study assessed the promotion of physical activity in the urban setting of twelve selected municipalities in Thailand against the four GAPPA strategic actions. The findings revealed that all twelve municipalities implemented at least one intervention of the four strategic actions, and achieved 12 out of 20 (60%) GAPPA recommended actions. The city municipalities achieved the highest score, followed by the town and the subdistrict municipalities. The highest achievements were the implementations of strategic action 3: create active people, and strategic action 1: create active societies. This study showed that GAPPA recommendations were relevant and feasible in the Thai context. However, gaps remained in the promotion of strategic action 2: create active environments, and strategic action 4: create active systems. In conclusion, the municipality could be one of the lead agencies for physical activity promotion in an urban setting in collaboration with other public and private stakeholders. GAPPA strategic actions should be translated to be specific tools and indicators for monitoring the progress of policy implementation.


location: , 'Thailand year: 2004 source: HSRI

title: The study of peoples's needs of information for health promotion and disease prevention under the universal health care coverage program

abstract: The study has three objectives: 1) to study the information needed for health promotion and disease prevention, 2) to study the channel to access information on health care and disease prevention, and 3) to study the factors influencing the needs of information to promote health and disease prevention. The study is under the “Universal Health Coverage Program. The technique for data and information collection include observations, interviews and focus group discussions. The four selected research sites are; Nong-Hoi and Sri Lanna Community in Chiangmai Municipality, Wat Choeng-Ta at Lopburi Municipality, Bang-Wang in Buriram and Sa-Plee in Chumpon.The study found that the sample groups from all study sites needed the information as followings: 1) the information concerning their immediate health problems, 2) the information caused by external motivation either from government or private sectors, and 3) the needs for “repetition” of the information according their daily needs. The study also found that, the information should be user friendly and easily accessible, combining of informative data and entertainment that related to their lifestyle and daily activities, that is interesting and interactive (two-way communicated).For the channel of information accessibility; all groups could access the information through to the television the most but at different time of the day according to age group and occupation group. For the children group, they could access the information through television and books in the school library and through their parents, neighbors and the elderly. For the labor group, which can be categorized into three sub-groups; 1) the labor under the 30 Baht coverage program (informal sector labor), the labor under the social security fund (formal sector labor) and  the labor under governmental health welfare (government employees). Each group has different potential to access the information on health.The study found that there are three factors associate with health information needs; firstly, personal factors which are sex, age, education, occupation, health condition and lifestyle; secondly, environmental factor which are health threat conditions in the community, the difficulty to understand the information, the ability  to access the health care unit, health problems of family members, the daily problem especially the external stimulations; and finally, health care attitudes and values of individuals on health care, the insecurity on their health condition and self-confidence on their health care.The study finding lead to the following policy recommendation: came on suggestions as followings; 1) Decentralize the production of the information under U.C. program in two levels which are at both national and provincial levels; 2) Revise the information strategies to suit the need of the community members such as: ease of use; combination of entertainment and informative data; use two-way communication by linking community members need with doctors or specialists, develop and strengthen the use of health-volunteers; and establish of a committee to be responsible for managing health promotion and disease prevention information; and 3) Use health promotion campaign to promote the need on health information by utilizing “social trend” and create health information programs that are “proactive.”


location: , 'Thailand year: 2008 source: HSRI

title: The National Health System Constitution: A Tool for Health System Reform from the Legal Perspective

abstract: The constitution of the national health system under the National Health Act B.E. 2550 (2007) shall
be deemed as a framework and guideline in making policies, strategies and assessing the performance of
activities in respect of national health. In other words, the health system constitution is the national framework
for the health system, providing for the state of human beings that are perfect in physical, mental,
intellectual and social aspects, all of which are holistic in balance. This study used documentary research
and in-depth interviews; it is aimed at exploring the legal status of the national health system constitution,
how it binds relevant organizations, the linkages with rights and duties in respect of health and the
Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand and its implementation in practice.The national health system constitution is not a formal law and has no legal sanction, but with the
approval of the Council of Ministers, the health system constitution shall be binding on relevant parties,
including state agencies, civil society, politicians and the government. This does not reflect a weakness in
the Act. This Act uses a “mountain-moving triangle” strategy and health assembly for implementing
some restrictions on interested parties, using a participatory approach.
For the purpose of implementing the fundamental principles in the national health system constitution,
there should be some relationship between this constitution and the provisions in Chapter 3 (Rights
and Liberties of the Thai People) and Chapter 5 (Directive Principles of Fundamental State Policies) of the
Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand, including section 163 of the Constitution. Therefore, the National
Health Act constitutes the model for health laws. Moreover, the health system constitution should
be mentioned in government policy and the administration of the state affairs plan.


location: , 'Thailand year: 2000 source: HSRI

title: Influence of business on child care center and parents : potential impact on early child health

abstract: Influence of business on child care center and parents: Potential impact on early child healthThe objective of this study is to investigate the potential impact of the relationships among business-child care center-parents on health of young children. Parents of the under 5y-old children and directors of child care centers were interviewed. Data collection was conducted in the Muang district and the vicinity of Khon Kaen, Chiang Mai, Songkhla and Bangkok during November-December 1999. The studied variables included: general information on children, parents, director and child care centers; marketing activities, product brand name and type of activities; opinions on relationship between business and child care centers; and impact of these activities on parents' choices. The designed questionaires were reviewed by the experts and pre-tested. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Possible impacts on child health of the product named by the interviewee were derived from the experts' opinions. Four hundred and thirteen parents, 90 nursery directors and 145 kindergarten directors were studies. Most of the interviewee were mothers. Twenty-two percent of the studied parents had a university degree, more than half had a monthly income over 10,000 baht. Most of the child care center's directors were also female, got a aniversity degree and have worked more than 10 years. Nine percent of the studies parents sent their children to the family day care.Over the past year, the child product business has organized various marketing activities at the king dergarten 2-3 times more frequently that at the nursery. At the nursery, the businesses which most frequently used direct sale promotion with children and parents were those selling dairy products(23 times), supplement food/breakfast(16 times), and vaccines (12 times). For direct sale promotion to children and parents at the kindergarten, the businesses frequently and this chammels  were supplement food/breakfast (94 times), dairy product(48 times) and soap (41 times). Child care centers had a great influence on parental choice of child products. Sixty nine percent of parents have ever been adviced. For the top ten products recommended by the child care centers, 46.2-88.9% of the advicee consequenthy used them.  They were baby powder, tooth paste and soap, respectively.  Most of these products are appropriate for child use and not harmful to health.  Two items narmely chicken pox vaccine and chicken essence soup, are not necessary for young children, and the other two items including crispy snacks and anti-bacterial soap are not appropriate for long-term useResults of this study demonstrated the high influence of child care centers on parental decision of child product choice, the influence of giving free samples in change of parental consumption behavior and the acceptance of business marketing activities of child care centers. Measures and regulations should be set up to control business activities in child care centers for the benefits of young children.


location: , 'Thailand year: 2014 source: HSRI

title: The synthesis of knowledge for development the social science research on disabled people program

abstract: This study has three main objectives first, to study influence of social model of
disability and human rights of disabled people approach which reflect to project, plan
and social movement of disabled people in Thailand. Second, to study interaction
between ideology and discourse in Global level with social practice and implement of
organizations in local setting which exercise over disabled people’s social life. Third, to
develop the contemporary social science research on disabled people program
This study shows that transformation in policies of the Thai state, economic and
political contexts, the discourse power of international organisations and Humanitarian
reason of Theravada Buddhism contribute to the generation of an ethic regime of the
proper body of Thai citizens. As a result, the impaired body became a ‘political object’
and problematized as ‘moral-political object’. People with an impairment in Thailand
have lived in an ambiguous situation between citizen and non-citizen, or between able
bodied and disabled bodied. Their ambiguous situations are excluded by means of an
inclusion through the technology of power in the modern Thai state. This study argues a
weak point of the social model’s dualism: the model considers that impaired body is
neutral phenomena while disability is a social construction this study discusses the
emphasis within the model that there is no pure or natural body, impaired body is not a
naturalistic and it is, in essentialist term, as pre-social and ahistory which is free from
biopolitics, and existing outside of discourse. This study shows that disabled people are
products of technology of power and biological discourse in modern Thai state
Moreover, this research reveals the ideology of human rights as the political-moral
project in global that is translated in local by associations and social activists in Thailand.
As a result, human rights as moral language and moral progress are being transformed into
a political apparatus to respond to the discourse about morality in local by Karma
ideology and rhetoric of Vedana of Theravada Buddhist. This research also shows that the
human rights of people with disabilities to establish itself to become a dominant moral
discourse has created a singular moral category. The results is that it is discrimination
against people with disabilities of some kind especially blind singers whose image is close
to the image of beggars that social activists who are active in social politics on the
concept of human rights tried to eliminate.
The finding of this study lead to the suggestion that the framework of social
science research on disabled people program should understand disabled people’s life world as the produce of interaction between Global ideology with local moral world.
Moreover, this study suggests that in order to develop the research program has to
focuses on strategies which use research process as knowledge generating tool and tactics
which emphasize on management cooperation and research cooperation


location: , 'Thailand year: 2012 source: HSRI

title: Risk factors of low back pain among teachers and academic personals in 4 regions in Thailand : a cross-sectional study

abstract: Background: Prevalence of low back pain was always in the top among teachers and academic personnel
in Thailand. It might be beneficial to clarify risk factors for raising self-awareness and even program development for mass. Methods: The aim of this study was to study working posture and environments
related to low back pain, in order to determine risk factors. Subjects (n=713) were recruited from 4
regions, 56 provinces whom attended Health Leadership workshop during November 17, 2010 to March
6, 2011. Descriptive data was described with number, percentage, average and standard deviation, while
inferential statistics was analyzed by logistic regression. Results: 76.08% of participants reported low back
pain. The severity by the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire showed minimal disability average scores at
13.2 (± 9). While analyzing for risk factors, the interesting results demonstrated as followed: history of
accidents related to low back pain caused 6.64 times over no accidents; working with bending position
had 2.20 times higher risk and working with squatting down had 1.74 times risk compared to no squatting
ob.
Conclusion: Working positions is one of factors related to low back pain among teachers and academic
personnel; therefore, adjusting personal behaviors, appropriate working environments should reduce
symptoms. These would lead to improved efficiency and better quality of work life.


location: , 'Thailand year: 2017 source: HSRI

title: The development of computer-based apparatus and software for alternative communication in dysarthria

abstract: Background : The idea of developing communication assistive device for disable persons who have lost their motor functions and cannot communicate is challenging.  Some paralyzed persons are aware of themselves and environments but cannot move their body parts except their eyes. With the use of an assistive device that can detect an eye or mouth status, these people can partially interact with the surrounding environments. Objective : The purpose of this present study was to develop a machine vision based system for a real-time eye or mouth status detection which can be further applied to be used as assistive controlling or communication device for patients. Material and method : This system composed of a web camera connected to a computer running with the developed software to detect the status of eye or mouth. The software prototype was developed in C++ on an MS Windows 7 PC using OpenCV and Dlib libraries and KNN classification technique. Result : The result showed that the accuracy of eye detection was at the highest accuracy (98%) at the middle distance (140cm), whereas the same distance result also observed with the mouth detection (94%). The results from the satisfaction questionnaire demonstrated that all users-healthy volunteers (n=20), dysarthric patients and caregivers (n=20) satisfied with the developed apparatus and software. The satisfaction score in the using of developed equipments was 4.02 (healthy subjects) and 4.21 (patients) from the highest score of 5. The satisfaction score in software using were 3.91, 4.14 (function test); 3.83, 4.09 (usability test) and 4.18, 4.28 (security test) in healthy subjects and patients, respectively.  Summary: In conclusion, our developed system can be efficiently used for further development of a communication or controlling assistive device for disable persons


location: , 'Thailand year: 2018 source: HSRI

title: Progression rate to diabetes mellitus and association between sleep factors, serum uric acid level, and HbA1c level in prediabetic people

abstract: Background and rationale: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the major public health burden in Thailand. DM is the significant risk factors of cardiovascular disease, end stage renal disease and cancer. Therefore, to decrease morbidity and mortality from diabetic complications, prevention of DM is an important issue. Insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfuction are the major mechanisms of developing DM. These 2 mechanisms lead to abnormal glucose regulation, called prediabetes that comprises of impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance. Previous evidences found that prediabetes is a significant risk factor of DM. Around 60% of diabetic patients had prediabetes 5 years before developing DM. Until now, there has been no study that investigate about the progression rate to DM in Thai prediabetes patients. In addition, currently, there is new proposed risk factors of DM such as serum uric acid and sleep factors. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the progression rate to DM and assess the association between sleep factors, serum uric acid, and HbA1C level. Methods: This study was retrospective cohort study. Prediabetes patients who visited the outpatient clinic at Department of Family Medicine, Ramathibodi hospital during September 2015 to March 2018 were recruited to this study. The independent variables was divided into 7 categories, including 1) demographic data (i.e. age, sex, education level, family history of diabetes) 2) underlying diseases (i.e. hypertension, dyslipidemia) 3) health risk behavior (i.e. smoking, alcohol drinking) 4) sleep factors (i.e. sleep duration, sleep quality, risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), circadian factors) 5) depressive symptoms 6) physical examination (i.e. body weight, height, waist circumference) 7) laboratory (i.e. fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1C, serum uric acid). Outcome of interest was incidence of DM defined according to criteria of American Diabetes Association 2014. Progression rates of developing DM at 24-, 48-, 72-, 96-, 120- months after diagnosis of prediabetes were calculated using Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was applied to explore the independent relationship between factors and risk of DM. Association between sleep factors and HbA1C was estimated using multivariate linear regression model. Direct and indirect effects of serum uric acid on HbA1c level were investigated using mediation analysis. Results: Progression rates to DM 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 years after diagnosis of prediabetes were 4.12% (95% CI: 3.44, 4.94), 9.11% (95% CI: 8.03, 10.33), 14.71% (95% CI: 13.22, 16.35), 21.98% (20.02, 24.10) and 27.99% (95% CI: 25.57, 30.58), respectively. Participants with FPG = 110-125 mg/dL had a significant higher progression rate to DM than participants who had FPG = 100-109 mg/dL (chi-square from Log-rank test = 43.82, P-value < 0.001). Results from multivariate Cox regression analysis show that current smokers, obesity defined by body mass index ≥27.5 kg/m2 and FPG = 110-125 mg/dL were independently associated with risk of developing diabetes. Hazard ratios of current smokers, obesity and FPG = 110-125 mg/dL were 1.65 (95% CI: 1.08, 2.52), 1.79 (95% CI: 1.38, 2.33) and 1.86 (95% CI: 1.56, 2.23), respectively. Results from multivariate linear regression analysis found that later chronotype measured by mid sleep time on free day was significantly associated with HbA1C level (β-coefficient =0.014 [95% CI: 0.0002, 0.029, P-value =0.047]). In addition, patients with higher modified PSQI score had significantly lower HbA1C level than patients with lower modified PSQI score (β-coefficient = -0.011 [95% CI: -0.019, -0.003, P-value =0.010]). However, sleep duration were not significantly associate with HbA1C level. Serum uric acid had the direct effect on HbA1c level. Increased 1 mg/dL of serum uric acid was significantly associated with 0.02% (95% CI: 0.008, 0.033) increased HbA1c level. In addition, serum uric acid also had the indirect effect on HbA1c via waist circumference.


location: , 'Thailand year: 2017 source: HSRI

title: The Integration of Monitoring and Evaluation Mechanism for Public Awareness of Antimicrobial Resistance into the Health and Welfare Survey

abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most serious health threats worldwide, including Thailand. It has been estimated that failing to tackle AMR will result in up to 10 million deaths a year, a 3.8% decrease in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the world economy losses of US$100 trillion by 2050. Irrational drug use is a major cause of AMR and the factor associated with irrational use of drugs includes incorrect and inappropriate use of medicines. In addition, Thailand has developed the National Strategic Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance 2017-2021 (NSP-AMR). One of the five goals of NSPAMR is to increase 20% of public knowledge and awareness on control of AMR bacteria and appropriate use of antimicrobials. In order to monitor public awareness on AMR (Goal 4), it is important to design method to obtain baseline data to benchmark changes after the NSP-AMR implementation. National Statistical Office (NSO) has conducted the biannual Health and Welfare Survey (HWS) and the most current was in 2017 to incorporate the AMR module, a modified version of the Eurobarometer 445 reviewed by International Health Policy Program (IHPP) under Thailand’s Ministry of Public Health (MOPH). The key indicators such as knowledge about antibiotics, exposures to message on AMR and rational use of antibiotics would be generated. The integration of AMR module into HWS 2017 was achieved because of the rising concern on AMR at global and national level, linkage to NSP goals and the cooperation between NSO and IHPP, in order to generate baseline data among the population in Thailand. This would contribute to the monitoring of progress on the goal of NSP-AMR.


location: , 'Thailand year: 2008 source: HSRI

title: Satisfaction with Health-care Services under the Universal Health-care Coverage Scheme at Pranburi Hospital

abstract: This study was carried out to assess the satisfaction with the health services provided under the
Universal Health-care Coverage Scheme (UC) at Pranburi Hospital. The study sample included 369 patients,
i.e., 268 females (72.6%) and 101 males (27.4%), whose general population characteristics varied by
sex, age, income and experience with the hospital services in the period from June 2007 to September 2007.
Statistical analysis of data was represented by percentage, means and standard deviation, t-test and F-test.
The study revealed overall satisfaction with the health-care services provided under the Universal Healthcare
Coverage Scheme; these were rated as good (3.61 ± 0.36). Satisfaction with officials (3.69 ± 0.46),
satisfaction with information (3.65 ± 0.49), satisfaction with servicing processes (3.55 ± 0.42) and satisfaction
with places and materials (3.54 ± 0.36) were all good. The patients differing in terms of sex, age and
income showed no difference under the Universal Health-care Coverage Scheme, but their experiences on
health-care services were different (p < 0.05).


location: , 'Thailand year: 1999 source: HSRI

title: Drug Utilization Evaluation Programme on third Generation Cephalosporin Use in Khon-Kaen Hospital

abstract: Drug utilization evaluation programme on third generationcephalosporin use in Khon Kean hospitalObjective: To assess the effect of the interventionnal programme (DUE and Education) on the inappropriate use of third generation cephalosporins in Khon-Kaen regional hospital. Design : Before-after experimental study. Setting : Three medical and six surgical of Khon-Kaen regional hospital. Partipants: Prescriptions of all hospitalized infectious patients, over 15 years of age, treated with third generation cephalosporins, were included. Intervention: The intervention programme was consisted of one educational convention, a standard criteria for appropriate cephalosporin usage and drug utilization      evaluation (DUE) programme. Main outcome measure : The percentages of inappropriate use were compared with regarding to any of the following seven categories; no indication, no evidence of infection, other alternative drugs could be use due to culture and sensitivity, possibility of toxicity,      improper dosage regimen, improper duration of treatment and economic reason. Results: Four hundred and seventeen prescriptions in pre-intervention period (1997, May-July) and one hundred and forty prescriptions in post-intervention period (1998, February-April) were evaluated for inappropriate use and compared. The percentages of inappropriate rational use all three cephalosporins were significantly decreased, from 62.6 to  40.0. And individually, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime from 65.4 to 39.7, 45.8 to 39.3 and 91.9 to 41.2 respectively.However, economic crisis of the country on the physician's prescribed behavior needed to be determined. Conclusion: The DUE programme in addition to physicians education could decrease the inappropriate use of third generation cephalosporins. Therefore, this may be applicable for other drugs and useful for other clinical institutes.


location: , 'Thailand year: 2023 source: HSRI

title: Development of Data Monitoring and Safety Monitoring of Clinical Trial of Thai Herbal Medicine

abstract: The two research projects used similar study designs and data collection methods but differed in the interventions being tested. Chao Phraya Abhaiphubejhr Hospital study site used herbal product produced by Chao Phraya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital (a powdered form of herbal medicine) while Saraburi Hospital used Andrographis paniculata extract, a product of GPO. Therefore, the data cannot be analyzed together, particularly when it is known that the absorption of powdered form has less bioavailability. Conducting clinical research during a rapidly mutating COVID-19 global pandemic with varying species and symptoms is challenging. Changes in treatment policies by the public health authority further complicate research efforts to prove the efficacy of Andrographis paniculate. Using a pragmatic trial design with GCP concepts during a pandemic may be more responsive to policy decisions and worth investing in. The studies were conducted under the concepts of GCP with intensive safety monitoring which resulted in ethically and scientifically reliable research. The research found that the use of Andrographis paniculata, whether in powder or extract form of more than five days, can lead to abnormal liver function. This emphasizes the importance of quality data from proper study design and good monitoring throughout the trial. Issuing treatment policies with evidence from poor study design and inadequate or no monitoring of the study conduct, together with publicizing the use of herbs on a large scale to the public will do more harm than good. The establishment of a data and safety oversight committee and preliminary statistical analysis from the beginning of research projects will help to speed up the research process, reduce risks to patients, and lower research costs. Designing the research project by planning ahead for a data and safety oversight committee and preliminary statistical analysis during the research can hasten the development process and will reduce the risk to patients as well as the costs of conducting and monitoring research. Health Systems Research Institute (HSRI) should provide training for personnel to increase the number of study monitors. In the case where HSRI is unable to do so on its own, sufficient budget should be provided to hire external clinical monitors to monitor data recording and reporting during the research, overseeing the management of data recorded in the computer system. This is an important role of research sponsors according to good clinical research practice standards to ensure accurate data recording and reporting. In addition, HSRI should provide or support budgets for a computerized data management system that can automatically verify accurate data recording. Examples of research data management programs are Redcap or NCRC program for accurate data analysis, the system can check for corrections during the research until the completion of the research project. This is in order to raise the standard of clinical research in Thailand. In the future, it is desirable for the public health service agencies to prepare health information in a standard format such as HL7 FHIR13, so that the hospitals can share patient health information between hospitals. Data from different hospitals can be analyzed for various forms of treatment, comparing Andrographis paniculate treatment with other types of treatment, it can lead to decisions that respond more appropriate to the COVID outbreak situation. Good example is the big data link of the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 outbreak which has led to the establishment of data for national research14 Using big data for research purposes has the potential to provide valuable insights. The HSRI should play a role in promoting the creation of knowledge and understanding of big data research and providing budgets for big data research to personnel involved in such research, whether it is a researcher, Research Ethics Committee, Hospital administrator or officials of the institute to support such research that concurs with the mission of the HSRI and further development of medical and health innovations in the country.


location: Yala, 'Thailand year: 2014 source: scholar TH

title: Sexual Assault Victimization Survey in Thailand

abstract:  Thailand. Around 4,400 households were collected. Approximately 14,510 survey respondents reported that there are no women and girls in Thailand  , still exists in Thailand. Therefore,


location: , 'Sint Maarten year: 2017 source: scholar global

title: ECONOMY

abstract:  Against the background of increasing strains to economic integration at both the global and  a broad area including topics in the political economy of globalisation and integration, issues


location: Pattani, 'Thailand year: 2022 source: scholar TH

title: Factors Affecting Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) Standard by Durian Farmers in Chanthaburi Province, Thailand

abstract:  economic factors 2) durian cultivation technique factors 3) level of farmer implementation of GAP for durian and 4) to determine the relationship between demographic and economic


location: Mae Hong Son, 'Thailand year: 2017 source: scholar TH

title: Occupational stress among Thai emergency department nurses: Development and validation of an instrument for measuring stressors in emergency departments

abstract:  Although the economic status of Thailand tends to improve  the Thai government launched the Twelfth National Economic  of well-being among the Thai people. Achieving sustainable


location: , 'Somalia year: 2014 source: scholar global

title: Engaging corrupt Somalia

abstract:  , this thesis examines corruption in Somalia, and its  Somalia to address such gaps, this will require a comprehensive and holistic approach and a commitment by the clans in Somalia to


location: Lopburi, 'Thailand year: 2020 source: scholar TH

title: A Prototype for a Mobile Peritoneal Dialysis Unit, Case Study of Lamsonthi Model, Lopburi Province

abstract:  been a major health problem in Thailand as confirmed by the  then initiated by Lamsonthi Hospital, Lopburi, as a part of  patients due to particular economic, social and environmental


location: Pathum Thani, 'Thailand year: 2022 source: scholar TH

title: Climatic factors influence the spread of COVID-19 in Russia

abstract:  The pandemic of COVID-19 has triggered significant global health and economic challenges. In this study, we evaluated the links between climate and bioclimatic variables with COVID-


location: , 'Svalbard and Jan Mayen year: 2021 source: scholar global

title: The international trade and production database for estimation (ITPD-E)

abstract:  Other trade and production datasets, such as GTAP and WIOD, cover the whole economies, but with much less detail. Importantly, these datasets rely on economic models to estimate


location: Kanchanaburi, 'Thailand year: 2018 source: scholar TH

title: Transnational migration, gender and educational development of children in Tajikistan

abstract:  of a difficult and ongoing transition to a market economy. The decades following independence saw a steady decline in both the economy and living standards and, by 2009, Tajikistan


location: Phuket, 'Thailand year: 2022 source: scholar TH

title: Messa e fom Honorary Genera lChair

abstract:  A big number ofpapers from Thai researchers is still shown up  by both Thai and foreign researchers around the world.  both public health emergency and economic recession. So far,


location: , 'Saint Lucia year: 2021 source: scholar global

title: Incorporating climate velocity into the design of climate‐smart networks of marine protected areas

abstract:  socio‐economic cost data and is thus impractical. Incorporating climate velocity as a boundary or as a feature selects slower moving areas with a lower socio‐economic cost. We


location: , 'Malawi year: 2017 source: scholar global

title: Malawi Economic Monitor, November 2017

abstract:  an analysis of economic and structural development issues in Malawi. The aim of the  Malawi faces in its endeavor to achieve high rates of stable, inclusive, and sustainable economic


location: , 'Australia year: 2017 source: scholar global

title: Political economy of telecommunication infrastructure: An investigation of the National Broadband Network early rollout and pork barrel politics in Australia

abstract:  In response to the gaps existing in the literature, this paper focuses on the political economy of telecommunication infrastructure provision in Australia; and raises important questions


location: , 'Tajikistan year: 2018 source: scholar global

title: Small-scale irrigation self-governance in a mountain region of Tajikistan

abstract:  Oblast in the remote western Pamirs in Tajikistan, a semiarid region where dependence on  Much international trade flows through GornoBadakhshan to the country’s economic centers


location: , 'Lesotho year: 2017 source: scholar global

title: Scratching about (fato-fato): erosion, governance, and the commodification of water in Lesotho

abstract:  This dissertation explores the infrastructural work—ecological and social—that goes into making economic peripheries like Lesotho and the nonsustainable multispecies livelihoods it


location: , 'Nicaragua year: 2021 source: scholar global

title: First report of Trypanosoma vivax infection in sheep from Nicaragua

abstract:  vivax highlights the need to study the epidemiology and economic impact of this haemoparasite in Nicaragua and other countries of Central America. Follow-up studies should be


location: Pathum Thani, 'Thailand year: 2022 source: scholar TH

title: Development of classification model for public perception of nuclear energy in social media platform using machine learning: Facebook platform in Thailand

abstract:  Thailand which is one of the Southeast Asia countries was affected by the nuclear  , the NPP project in Thailand was indefinitely postponed by the Thailand Government in order to study


location: , 'Swaziland year: 2015 source: scholar global

title: Supporting local governance and local economic development-some experiences from Swaziland

abstract:  The overall goal of the Swaziland project is to enhance the role of local government as a key agent in local economic empowerment and national development. Specifically, the


location: Nakhon Pathom, 'Thailand year: 2020 source: scholar TH

title: THE CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURAL TOURISM, KRATHUM BAEN DISTRICT, SAMUT SAKHON PROVINCE.

abstract:  economic industry that widely generates income for the country. Each year, Thailand has many tourists, both Thai  community, whether it is related in economy in terms of job hiring, job


location: , 'Bosnia and Herzegovina year: 2016 source: scholar global

title: … of Macroeconomic Trends on the Repayment of Loans by Households: Evidence from the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Policy Reccomendations

abstract:  economic factors on the level of nonperforming loans in the market of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.  for the economy): the more GDP growth advances in the economy the


location: , 'Saint Kitts and Nevis year: 2018 source: scholar global

title: The International alcohol control study: methodology and implementation

abstract:  policies in different cultural and socio-economic contexts on policy-related behaviours (eg  Open data kit, a free application, was used to program the IAC survey for St Kitts and Nevis,


location: Suphan Buri, 'Thailand year: 2014 source: scholar TH

title: EVALUASI DAMPAK BENCANA TSUNAMI 2004 TERHADAP KINERJA PEREKONOMIAN PROVINSI ACEH: APLIKASI SYNTHETIC CONTROL METHODS

abstract:  Pada penelitian lanjutan ini akan dibandingkan dampak tsunami yang menimpa Aceh dan Thailand. Hal yang ingin diketahui adalah kecepatan pemulihan ekonomi dari kedua negara


location: , 'Kuwait year: 2019 source: scholar global

title: Laws without enforcement: the case of unskilled foreign workers in Kuwait

abstract:  The economy of Kuwait before the discovery of oil relied mainly on revenue from pearl diving and sea trading activities. The discovery of oil paved the way for rapid development, which


location: , 'French Guiana year: 2019 source: scholar global

title: Women's place of speech in the literature of Suriname: challenging gender and race paradigms

abstract:  , even French Guyana has low rates of economic and social  [] The peripheral condition from French Guiana and its  metropolitan France in the Department, stimulating economic and


location: Ang Thong, 'Thailand year: 2018 source: scholar TH

title: Do L2 experience, type of affix and motivational factors relate to affix knowledge in L2 English learning?

abstract:  development: environmental, social, and economic. I would like to take  Harris, many distinguished international and Thai  philosophy of sufficiency economy in Thailand" 14.30 - 14.45


location: , 'Dominican Republic year: 2017 source: scholar global

title: Wage effects of Haitian migration in the Dominican Republic

abstract:  the Dominican Republic? This is the key question being explored in this chapter. Based on a classical model of a closed economy play out in the Dominican economy? As shown below,


location: , 'Latvia year: 2016 source: scholar global

title: Importance of business incubators for new business and its development in Latvia

abstract: Small and medium-sized enterprises have an important role for economic development and creation of new employment opportunities, therefore, one of the most essential issues is to


location: Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, 'Thailand year: 2021 source: scholar TH

title: A correlational study of millennial teachers' perception toward principal's transformational leadership style and their job satisfaction at basic education high …

abstract: This study sought to examine the relationship between millennial teachers’ perception toward the principal’s transformational leadership style and their job satisfaction at Kani Basic


location: , 'Uganda year: 2023 source: scholar global

title: Advancing Empirics and Theory for a Deeper Political Economy Analysis; Comment on “Health Coverage and Financial Protection in Uganda: A Political Economy …

abstract:  that aim to identify political economy factors facilitating or  to elaborate on how political economy analyses can better inform  We suggest three ways that political economy studies could


location: , 'Mayotte year: 2021 source: scholar global

title: The maritime eco-frontier in action. Merritorialities and marine protected areas in overseas France and South Africa

abstract:  marin de Mayotte. • Sortie organisée par l’association des Naturalistes de Mayotte pour  MPAs in their territorial waters and exclusive economic zones. A global maritime ecofrontier has


location: , 'Global year: 2020 source: scholar global

title: Religious entrepreneurial communities as a solution for socioeconomic injustice

abstract: Purpose There are many entrepreneurial communities in the Asian subcontinent, which are known for their economic resilience and religious orientation but have received limited


location: , 'Zambia year: 2018 source: scholar global

title: At an extractive pace: Conflicting temporalities in a resettlement process in Solwezi, Zambia

abstract:  In 2015, the Zambian economy felt the consequences of China’s slowing demand. The slump in global copper prices triggered the closure of a mine (Luanshya) and the decision to put


location: Nakhon Pathom, 'Thailand year: 2014 source: scholar TH

title: The development of community care model of sub-district health promoting hospitals for older persons

abstract:  Thai government is improving public health service systems  chronic illness or disability with economic and social problems.  in thirty SHPH in Nakhon Pathom Provice and analyzed by


location: , 'Saint Kitts and Nevis year: 2015 source: scholar global

title: The prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in two groups of children (St. Kitt and Trinidad), using two methods of classification

abstract:  se forment les îles des Caraïbes de SaintKitts-et Trinidad, selon  The Caribbean Common Market (CARICOM) is an economic  , bananas and spices, for economic development. This has


location: , 'Curaçao year: 2023 source: scholar global

title: Agriculture's globalization: Endowments, technologies, tastes and policies

abstract:  economic growth rate and greater assertiveness/economic coercion under President Xi is adding to that uncertainty, as are the global rise of economic  index of global economic policy


location: , 'Taiwan year: 2016 source: scholar global

title: Theories of risk: Testing investor behavior on the taiwan stock and stock index futures markets

abstract: This article considers four utility functions—concave, convex, S‐shaped, and reverse S‐shaped—to analyze the behavior of different types of investors on the Taiwan stock index and its


location: , 'Tunisia year: 2016 source: scholar global

title: Impact of women's education on the economic growth: An empirical analysis applied to Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Egypt

abstract:  of women’s education on the economic growth over the period 2000-2012.  on economic growth and education, especially women’s education. The third section describes the economic


location: Samut Songkhram, 'Thailand year: 2023 source: scholar TH

title: Effects of Health Education Based on the CIPPA Model on Age-Appropriate Food Choice Skills in Fourth-Grade Students

abstract:  Samut Songkhram is one of the provinces in Thailand where an increasing number of school children are facing nutritional problems. From the mentioned problem, the researchers


location: , 'Burundi year: 2016 source: scholar global

title: In need of a guardian angel: preserving the gains of the Arusha Peace and Reconciliation Agreement for Burundi

abstract:  stake of the ongoing crisis in Burundi. This paper analyses Burundi’s Arusha Agreement based  the political, economic and social life of Burundi (L’Accord d’Arusha pour la paix et la


location: Krabi, 'Thailand year: 2023 source: scholar TH

title: Review of current artificial intelligence methods and metaheuristic algorithms for wind power prediction

abstract:  Nowadays, Wind as a clean and sustainable energy is more economical than the other energies thanks to the accelerated progress of wind turbine technology [1]. New wind farms


location: , 'Northern Mariana Islands year: 2017 source: scholar global

title: American Polynesia, rising seas and relocation

abstract:  Northern Mariana Islands, possesses eight insular territories referred to as “United States Minor Outl ing Islands. on the surface of “guano islands” had economic alue. In the 21st centur ,


location: Nakhon Si Thammarat, 'Thailand year: 2018 source: scholar TH

title: Geometric morphometric and molecular evidence suggest a new fruit fly species in Bactrocera (Zeugodacus) tau complex (Diptera: Tephritidae)

abstract:  , fruits from endemic regions are quarantined in global trade, with resulting economic costs.  tau complex in Thailand are not monophyletic as we had thought, but they include three


location: , 'Lebanon year: 2016 source: scholar global

title: MODELLING THE ECONOMIC AND HEALTH IMPACTS OF SMOKING IN LEBANON

abstract:  in order to assess the total cost impact on the Lebanese economy, present and future, due  smoking prevalence in Lebanon which will lower the socio-economic costs and generate


location: , 'British Indian Ocean Territory year: 2020 source: scholar global

title: The concept of a high-speed railway between the Indian Ocean and Alaska in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative

abstract:  -speed railway from the Indian Ocean to the Bering Strait and  and developing economic complementarities between  potential of Siberia, mitigating economic and environmental risks in


location: Phuket, 'Thailand year: 2019 source: scholar TH

title: Thailand and 'Diverse Sexualities'

abstract:  in Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Pattaya and Phuket. High fashion lifestyle magazines often feature  It focused on economic issues, with no mention of human rights or LGBT issues. A common


location: , 'Venezuela year: 2019 source: scholar global

title: Neoextractivism and class formation: lessons from the orinoco mining arc project in Venezuela

abstract:  singularity, I will next discuss additional factors of the political economy of mining, including its link with the (fragmented) demands and struggles of indigenous peoples in Venezuela.


location: , 'Svalbard and Jan Mayen year: 2015 source: scholar global

title: The economic footprint of the pharmaceutical industry

abstract:  of all manufactured goods and services in one economic unit. The production value generated in one economic unit is exploited within the economic analysis of sectors and often serves


location: , 'Iceland year: 2016 source: scholar global

title: A gendered response to financial crisis: what can others learn from Iceland?

abstract:  This paper makes a modest attempt to identify the new questions a gendered political economy needs to ask, reflecting on New Zealand’s situation through the empirical lens of Iceland.


location: Chiang Rai, 'Thailand year: 2016 source: scholar TH

title: THE PROMOTION OF CULTURAL TOURISM SUSTAINABILITY: CASE STUDY OF TAI LUE CULTURE

abstract:  related to local economy, society, and culture. In order to ensure sustainable economy, traditional  tourism management of Thai Lue in Doi Saket District, Chiang Mai Province aimed at


location: , 'South Korea year: 2020 source: scholar global

title: The fourth industrial revolution, knowledge production and higher education in South Korea

abstract:  Numerous economic and educational achievements have occurred in South Korea (hereafter Korea) during the past 70 years. The economic development of Korea is often described


location: Pathum Thani, 'Thailand year: 2020 source: scholar TH

title: WEB-BASED STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

abstract: Stakeholder management has been studied and applied in an organization. However, most owner, executive or manager still operated their stakeholder as manual procedure. With the


location: , 'Israel year: 2022 source: scholar global

title: Key environmental impacts along the Mediterranean coast of Israel in the last 100 years

abstract:  establishment of Israel have  economy has been converted from mainly imported crude oil sources to imported coal and natural gas from marine sources in Israel’s exclusive economic


location: Ang Thong, 'Thailand year: 2018 source: scholar TH

title: Visible flows: the dynamics of community-based flood and water resource management and governance in Uthai Thani

abstract:  members of the Hart Thanong Municipality, Thailand, become our educators, researchers  development theory, which is rooted in political economy, with the findings made by the use


location: Lopburi, 'Thailand year: 2023 source: scholar TH

title: Wellness Tourism Destination Development Strategy: Active Ageing Tourists Motivation

abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate the active ageing tourist intrinsic and extrinsic motivation toward a wellness tourism experience. Qualitative approach was employed using the in-


location: Nonthaburi, 'Thailand year: 2022 source: scholar TH

title: Spatial planning and systems thinking tools for climate risk reduction: a case study of the Andaman Coast, Thailand

abstract:  Thailand, particularly on the results of multi-sectoral workshops in the case study region of the Andaman Coast in southern Thailand,  in the context of Thailand that are relevant for other


location: Chiang Rai, 'Thailand year: 2017 source: scholar TH

title: Factors Affecting the Decision to Raise Beef Cattle of Farmers in Thailand

abstract:  in Thailand, the result exposed that education, economic, and social-cultural factors significantly affected farmers’ decision on beef cattle raising in Thailand.  was 81 Rai, and 117 Rai,


location: , 'Malawi year: 2021 source: scholar global

title: The socio-economic impact of disease burden due to smoking in Malawi

abstract:  of the economic costs of smoking for the country. This study contributes to this gap by unpacking the socio-economic costs of smoking to affected individuals and their families in Malawi.


location: Kanchanaburi, 'Thailand year: 2019 source: scholar TH

title: DNA barcoding coupled with high resolution melting (BAR-HRM) analysis for differentiation white kwao khruea (pueraria candollei), black kwao khruea (mucuna …

abstract: Kwao Khruea is the herbal product that known as a rejuvenation herb. In Thai traditional medicine, three species of Kwao Khruea including white Kwao Khruea (Pueraria candollei Wall.


location: Saraburi, 'Thailand year: 2018 source: scholar TH

title: Show Ying Ruo

abstract:  economic trends and developments in Southeast Asia and its wider geostrategic and economic  The Institute’s research programmes are grouped under Regional Economic Studies (


location: Nakhon Pathom, 'Thailand year: 2020 source: scholar TH

title: A Factor Analysis of Digital Organizational Culture Characteristics of PTT Digital Solutions Company Limited

abstract: The objective of this research is to (1) study the digital organizational culture characteristics (2) analyzes the factors of the digital organizational culture characteristics; and (3) confirms


location: , 'American Samoa year: 2014 source: scholar global

title: Journal of Archaeological Science

abstract:  become publicly available for the Territory of American Samoa, we assess the benefits and  are dispersed amongst this economic forest zone. Additionally, those terraces outside of the


location: Phitsanulok, 'Thailand year: 2022 source: scholar TH

title: A New Political Anthropology of Buddhism, Animism, Supernaturalism, and Scams in Thailand

abstract:  schemes in place that guarantee their economic and political survival. This is because the Malay bumiputras fear Chinese economic dominance. Malay insecurity exists despite their


location: , 'Iceland year: 2018 source: scholar global

title: Truth commissions after economic crises: political learning or blame game?

abstract:  to identify the causes of their economic meltdowns. Their goal was  to set up a TC after an economic crisis? Is there a uniform  at three economic TCs: the Icelandic Special Investigation


location: , 'China year: 2014 source: scholar global

title: Africa in China's foreign policy

abstract:  Center address a wide range of critical issues related to China’s modernization, including China’s foreign, economic and trade policies and its domestic challenges. In 2006 the


location: , 'Morocco year: 2019 source: scholar global

title: Political economy of the wheat sector in Morocco: seed systems, varietal adoption, and impacts

abstract:  In Morocco, wheat is an important cereal crop that significantly contributes to the livelihoods of farming communities and the national economy.  In the 1960s, Morocco was largely self-


location: , 'Malaysia year: 2018 source: scholar global

title: The economic benefits of a green building–Evidence from Malaysia

abstract:  Due to significant environmental and economic benefits  This research evaluates the actual economic performance of a  empirical evidence for the economic benefits associated with


location: Songkhla, 'Thailand year: 2015 source: scholar TH

title: Rohingya issue 'more economic than identity crisis or religious'

abstract:  of Songkhla province close to the Thai-Malaysian border. Many were buried in shallow graves, while others were covered with blankets and clothes and left in the open. Police reports


location: , 'Croatia year: 2016 source: scholar global

title: PAVING THE WAY TO THE KNOWLEDGE BASED ECONOMY IN CROATIA: DOCTORAL STUDY AT THE FACULTY OF ECONOMICS IN OSIJEK

abstract:  transitional economy, Croatia has placed significant efforts to create a market-oriented economy and political democracy after abandoning socialism and commanded economy in 1991.


location: , 'Venezuela year: 2016 source: scholar global

title: Deepening extractivism and rentierism: China's role in Venezuela's Bolivarian developmental model

abstract:  Third, I will analyse its centrality in stabilising Venezuela’s economy in times of crisis. I will conclude with some ideas about the future of this relationship in the event of an eventual


location: Trang, 'Thailand year: 2015 source: scholar TH

title: AEC Blueprint implementation performance and challenges: Non-tariff measures and non-tariff barriers

abstract:  recommendations are critical to increase the participation of small and medium enterprises in regional trade, utilizing many preferential measures offered by the ASEAN Economic


location: , 'Czechia year: 2021 source: scholar global

title: The evaluation of local governance effectiveness in the selected cities of Czechia

abstract:  Long-term trends in the management of municipalities are naturally subject to external economic and political influences. An example is the economic crisis in 2009, which resulted in


location: , 'Gabon year: 2014 source: scholar global

title: The role of government in development of entrepreneurship in Gabon and South Africa; a comparative study

abstract:  that will influence the economic growth and development of  transparency and create sound economic frameworks for growth for the African social and economic quagmire needs to take


location: , 'Zimbabwe year: 2021 source: scholar global

title: A Review of the Operationalisation of Special Economic Zones in Zimbabwe.

abstract:  Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are understood as regions  SEZs implementation experiences in Zimbabwe, spelling out  in the implementation of SEZs in Zimbabwe, major gaps still


location: , 'Cape Verde year: 2015 source: scholar global

title: Impact of remittances on economic growth: Evidence from selected West African countries (Cameroon, Cape Verde, Nigeria and Senegal)

abstract:  of remittances on economic growth in four selected West African countries: Cameroon, Cape Verde,  After a critical analysis of the impact of remittances on economic growth in these four


location: Kanchanaburi, 'Thailand year: 2016 source: scholar TH

title: The emotional lives of Buddhist monks in modern Thai film

abstract:  politics and economic disputes. For example, Luang Phi Teng talks to one of the villagers  of Kanchanaburi, about two hours from Bangkok, and anyone who has spent time in Thailand


location: , 'Qatar year: 2021 source: scholar global

title: The foreign policy of Qatar: From a mediating role to an active one

abstract:  kilometres), Qatar’s geostrategic position makes it a key player in the Arab/Persian Gulf. Notwithstanding its economic strength, it should not be forgotten that Qatar is also extremely


location: Phang-nga, 'Thailand year: 2020 source: scholar TH

title: LOCAL IDENTITY CONSIDERATION IN MAINTAINING PLACE BRANDING SUSTAINABILITY (THE CASE OF INDONESIA)

abstract:  Second, the impact of some socio-economic trends,  It will boost economic growth through increased employment of the country's socio-economic progress through foreign exchange


location: Phuket, 'Thailand year: 2014 source: scholar TH

title: Genetic identifiability of selected populations of Indian mackerel, Rastrelliger kanagurta (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Scombridae)—Celfish Project—Part 1

abstract:  ods which will precisely identify fish species that are valuable for economy. Such methods help to  In the frames of presently reports study we travelled to Thailand (MTH), Vietnam (SVN),


location: , 'Georgia year: 2020 source: scholar global

title: Some Issues of Tax Income in Georgia

abstract:  of economic reforms in Georgia in the post-Soviet period. To date it has changed many times. This process continues at the present time. In the post-Soviet Georgia Georgia is one of the


location: Ratchaburi, 'Thailand year: 2021 source: scholar TH

title: Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antihyperuricemic activities of a Thai herbal remedy

abstract:  Ratchaburi Yathai (Ratchaburi, Thailand). All plant materials were authenticated by Moa Chub pankhumyat, the experienced traditional Thai doctor registered with the Thai  Economic Co


location: , 'Belize year: 2017 source: scholar global

title: A Comparative Analysis of Climate Change Adaptation in Fisheries Management through Marine Conservation Efforts in Belize and Fiji

abstract:  the collapse of this major contributing sectors of the economy. In Belize, the fishing industry is one of the mainstays of the economy of the country through the export of lobster and conch


location: , 'Madagascar year: 2018 source: scholar global

title: Sociodemographic pressure on land in Madagascar

abstract:  In Madagascar, population growth has reduced the amount of available land and the rural  limited to an economy of self-sufficiency. The rural peasants of Madagascar hand down plots


location: , 'Albania year: 2014 source: scholar global

title: The relationship between economic growth and eucation in Albania

abstract:  behind the economic growth of Albania and the  of economy. Thus, in order to explain the before mentioned relationship of the importance of education in economic growth of Albania,


location: , 'Mayotte year: 2017 source: scholar global

title: Protocol: the impacts of interventions for female economic empowerment at the community level on human development: a systematic review of the evidence in low …

abstract:  Given the importance of economic freedom to promote  female economic empowerment. There is a wide range of interventions that have been developed to foster female economic


location: , 'Gabon year: 2016 source: scholar global

title: Effect Of Oil Viscosity Change On Oil Production: CO₂ Enhanced Oil Recovery In The Permian Basin And Potential In The Gabon Basin

abstract:  Without doing a complete economic analysis, I will try to conclude whether or  comparison and BOAST NFR software for prediction in the Gabon basin, I will attempt to prove


location: Sing Buri, 'Thailand year: 2017 source: scholar TH

title: Situations, Problems, and Needs in Teaching English of Grades 1-6 Teachers in the Central Region of Thailand

abstract:  in the central region of Thailand: Lop Buri, Sing Buri, Saraburi, Suphan Buri, and Ang-Thong  to integrate ethics, morality, and sufficiency economics approach with the subject contents (


location: Songkhla, 'Thailand year: 2015 source: scholar TH

title: Benefit-Risk Assessment of Medication: A Case Study of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)

abstract:  Thailand at that time, there was a large number of registered drugs, which might lead to irrational drug use, affected country’s economy of public hospitals in Songkhla province, covered


location: , 'Libya year: 2015 source: scholar global

title: An Investigation of Quality Practices in Libyan Industrial Companies

abstract:  Even though the government had set a quality control department in the Ministry of Industry, Economy and Trade of Libya, it mainly considers international standards of products and


location: Amnat Charoen, 'Thailand year: 2023 source: scholar TH

title: … of the Use of Management Accounting Instruments on Competitiveness: A Case Study of Agribusiness in Ubon Ratchathani, Amnatcharoen, and Sisaket Provinces

abstract: The purpose of this research was to study management accounting instruments used for cost management in both traditional and modern cost management and to examine the impacts


location: , 'Greenland year: 2023 source: scholar global

title: Mass loss of glaciers and ice caps across Greenland since the Little Ice Age

abstract:  runoff from Greenland into the North Atlantic affects ocean circulation and hence the climate of western Europe, which has feedbacks on human health, behavior and economy (Siegert


location: Satun, 'Thailand year: 2016 source: scholar TH

title: Tawin Kim

abstract:  He worked in three different islands in Thailand to promote marine conservation, education,  Krabi, Trang and Satun every month. (Department of Tourism, 2016). Economic valuations in


location: , 'Cocos (Keeling) Islands year: 2016 source: scholar global

title: Microeconomics of Competitiveness-Application of cluster theory to an emerging export-based Australian industry.

abstract:  economy of Australia is made up of 45 diverse industries which can be seen in the bubble chart in Exhibit 3. The economic  to the development of our economy and social harmony.” (


location: , 'Tuvalu year: 2015 source: scholar global

title: Funafuti Atoll Tuvalu

abstract:  SPC also gratefully acknowledges the collaborative support from the Tuvalu Fisheries Department for providing the in-country assistance and support which has made the


location: Satun, 'Thailand year: 2014 source: scholar TH

title: … Island, Satun Province with the comparative study of Hylarana eschatia (Inger, Stuart and Iskandar, 2009) between Tarutao Island and peninsular Thailand

abstract: Many amphibian species diversity study have been conducted in Thailand but least was focused in the biogeographically important Archipelagos such as Tarutao Island. The diversity


location: , 'Falkland Islands (Malvinas) year: 2018 source: scholar global

title: Non-Stop War Practice in Puerto Rico

abstract:  economic crisis, beginning during 1974-1975, has had a profound impact in Puerto Rico. To the economic  the war in the Malvinas (Falkland) Islands which Argentina badly lost, and an


location: Suphan Buri, 'Thailand year: 2020 source: scholar TH

title: An assessment of the site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) strategy for irrigated rice in Asia

abstract:  The yield-goal-based approach makes economic sense if  level were negative in Nueva Ecija and Suphan Buri (Table 8), with  one at the mean level in Suphan Buri (Table 8). Potassium


location: Nakhon Pathom, 'Thailand year: 2022 source: scholar TH

title: Quality of Service That Affects the Satisfaction of Our Customers Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives Sahaskhan Branch, Kalasin Province

abstract:  economy, which is a steady and capital-funding principle to support the country's economy  must meet financial needs to support economic expansion, therefore, operational strategies


location: Mae Hong Son, 'Thailand year: 2017 source: scholar TH

title: Myanmar opening for tourism

abstract:  socialist economy, and replaced it with measures to reduce economic  Thailand where it is estimated around 90000 Karen refugees now live, having fled to Thailand’s Mae Hong Son


location: , 'Tanzania year: 2019 source: scholar global

title: Is Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) a feasible option for Sub-Saharan Africa?: Investigating the techno-economic feasibility of CSP in Tanzania

abstract:  This study investigates the techno-economic feasibility of CSP technology in Tanzania,  The study concludes that the feasibility of CSP in Tanzania is strongly dependent on the


location: , 'Mariehamn year: 2018 source: scholar global

title: Global goals for local priorities: The 2030 Agenda at local level

abstract:  Nordic co-operation has firm traditions in politics, the economy, and culture. It plays an  For instance, the local authorities of Mosfellsbær, Mariehamn, Pirkkala and Tórshavn have


location: , 'Curaçao year: 2015 source: scholar global

title: Late pre-colonial and early colonial archaeology of the Las Aves Archipelagos, Venezuela

abstract:  economic  economic strategies and negotiations were used by the late pre-Hispanic societies of the north-central Venezuelan mainland coast and from the islands of Aruba, Curaçao


location: , 'Saint Kitts and Nevis year: 2017 source: scholar global

title: Smallness of the economy as a (dis) advantage: The evidence from selected interdependent macroeconomic data

abstract:  Smallness of the economy influences the  of the economy can be an advantage, since it provides better conditions for faster economic growth and makes transformations of the economy


location: , 'Montserrat year: 2016 source: scholar global

title: Does Salt Obesity Exist

abstract:  The amount of carbohydrate that is ingested and absorbed by the intestine per day, varies with the eating habits and economic level of the population. If Indigenous peoples are not


location: , 'United Arab Emirates year: 2014 source: scholar global

title: Support system for women entrepreneurship in India, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, China, Uganda and Russia: a comparative exploratory study

abstract:  serious academic and business publications, entrepreneurship is portrayed as an economic necessity within a modern economy, promoting structural balance, employment choice,


location: , 'Global year: 2018 source: scholar global

title: Determining influencing factors of currency exchange rate for decision making in global economy using MARS method

abstract:  decision making in the global economy. Within this scope,  that when there is an economic growth in Turkey, Turkish  investors should focus on higher economic growth in order to


location: , 'Isle of Man year: 2022 source: scholar global

title: The Irish economy during the century after partition

abstract:  This article provides a centennial overview of the Irish economy in  Irish economic history was born in the dying decades of the  economic growth led to an interest in the economic past.1


location: Bueng Kan, 'Thailand year: 2018 source: scholar TH

title: Five new species of Syzygium (Myrtaceae) from Indochina and Thailand

abstract:  of 690–770 m in Laos, and in dry evergreen forest at an altitude of 150 m in Thailand.  high elevations (150–800 m) in Northeast Thailand and Central Laos, and the area of occupancy (


location: Surat Thani, 'Thailand year: 2016 source: scholar TH

title: Spatial Selection and Firm Productivity Distributions: Evidence from Thailand's Firm Level Data

abstract:  This essay examines the contribution of firm spatial selection and agglomeration economies to the  on Thai economy, the regions in the theoretical model refer to provinces in Thailand.


location: Phuket, 'Thailand year: 2019 source: scholar TH

title: ANALYSIS OF TRADITIONAL FOOD (KHAO YAM) CONSUMPTION IN SOUTHERN BORDER PROVINCE OF THAILAND

abstract:  Perspectives on social, economic, and health impacts of evolving food retail in Thailand. Agriculture and Human Values, 32(3), 445–460. [21]Kennedy, G., Burlingame, B., 2003,


location: , 'Costa Rica year: 2022 source: scholar global

title: Delay of Gratification in Costa Rican Preschoolers: Effect of Trust in the Experimenter and the Socio-Economic Status: Postergación de la gratificación en preescolares …

abstract: This study analyzed the effect of confidence in the experimenter on the performance of a group of Costa Rican preschoolers on self-control. In addition, the effect of socioeconomic