Xs: 6.308739 Ys: 1.7692627 Publish year: 2015 keyword: thai__longevity_diet source: Thai title: Tiliacora triandra , an Anti-Intoxication Plant, Improves Memory Impairment, Neurodegeneration, Cholinergic Function, and Oxidative Stress in Hippocampus of Ethanol Dependence Rats abstract: Oxidative stress plays an important role in brain dysfunctions induced by alcohol. Since less therapeutic agent against cognitive deficit and brain damage induced by chronic alcohol consumption is less available, we aimed to assess the effect of Tiliacora triandra extract, a plant possessing antioxidant activity, on memory impairment, neuron density, cholinergic function, and oxidative stress in hippocampus of alcoholic rats. Male Wistar rats were induced ethanol dependence condition by semivoluntary intake of alcohol for 15 weeks. Alcoholic rats were orally given T. triandra at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg·kg−1BW for 14 days. Memory assessment was performed every 7 days while neuron density, activities of AChE, SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px and, MDA level in hippocampus were assessed at the end of study. Interestingly, the extract mitigated the increased escape latency, AChE and MDA level. The extract also mitigated the decreased retention time, SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities, and neurons density in hippocampus induced by alcohol. These data suggested that the extract improved memory deficit in alcoholic rats partly via the decreased oxidative stress and the suppression of AChE. Therefore, T. triandra is the potential reagent for treating brain dysfunction induced by alcohol. However, further researches are necessary to understand the detail mechanism and possible active ingredient.


Xs: 5.3584604 Ys: -1.3110585 Publish year: 2024 keyword: thai__longevity_diet source: Thai title: Auricularia polytricha extract exerts SKN-1 and DAF-16 mediated longevity and stress resistance against UV-B exposure in Caenorhabditis elegans abstract: BACKGROUND: Auricularia polytricha (AP) is traditionally known for its medicinal properties, and linoleic acid (LA) is the prominent component in AP. OBJECTIVE: To understand the anti-aging and stress resistance mechanism induced by AP in Caenorhabditis elegans. METHODS: C. elegans (wild-type (N2), transgenic, and mutant strains) were treated with AP and LA and monitored for lifespan and stress resistance through physiological assays, fluorescence microscopy, and qPCR analysis. Molecular docking studies were employed to identify the interaction mode of LA with DAF-16 and SKN-1. RESULTS: Ethanol extract of AP (APE) was non-toxic and could induce an anti-aging mechanism, as it could extend the lifespan of nematode worms. This was dependent on PMK-1 and DAF-16 as APE could not extend the lifespan of these gene-specific mutants apart from extending the expression of these genes in wild-type nematodes, which was evident from qPCR analysis. LA, too, had a similar effect on the lifespan of wild-type and mutant worms, which further supported the findings. Molecular docking studies pointed to the role of DAF-16 and SKN-1 in regulating the effect of APE. APE also exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms as it significantly extended the lifespan in worms exposed to UV-B-induced oxidative stress, thereby showing a protective effect. APE could regulate SKN-1, which was evident from qPCR analysis and the fluorescence of skn-1:GFP transgenic strain. Further qPCR analysis of candidate regulatory genes exhibited antioxidant mechanisms induced by APE. CONCLUSION: APE was observed to induce anti-aging efficacy via SKN-1 and DAF-16.


Xs: 6.1287704 Ys: -0.7035347 Publish year: 2021 keyword: thai__longevity_diet source: Thai title: Surfing the Sweet Wave: Migrating Giant Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apis dorsata) Display Spatial and Temporal Fidelity to Annual Stopover Site in Thailand abstract: Apis dorsata F. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), the giant honey bee of southern Asia, is an important pollinator of crops and non-cultivated angiosperms, and a producer of honey and beeswax. Its populations are in decline in many areas. Colonies migrate seasonally between highland and lowland nesting sites, taking advantage of available food sources. In 2009, a stopover site was discovered in Thailand where numerous migrating colonies bivouacked near one another. Bivouacs used the site again in 2010. I went to the site in 2016 to test the hypothesis that bees use the site regularly as part of an annual migration. I witnessed many bivouacs, spanning almost precisely the same time period and occupying the same area as in 2010. Here I describe their migratory dances in preparation for departure and their subsequent flights as well as periodic mass flight and defensive behavior. Analysis of photographs indicated that the bivouacking bees aged slowly and may thus live long enough to be capable of intergenerational transmission of migratory route knowledge. I describe attributes of the stopover site, e.g., abundant food and water availability, its location along a major river, and other possible navigational cues. Although the site is the only one of its kind so far known to researchers, such stopover sites probably exist wherever giant honey bees undertake long seasonal migrations. I recommend searching for bivouacking sites, particularly along rivers, wherever giant honey bees migrate. Stopover sites are undoubtedly essential to the life history and health of migratory bee populations, and thus warrant conservation policies.


Xs: 4.016236 Ys: -0.81279343 Publish year: 2024 keyword: thai__longevity_diet source: Thai title: Longevity Blue Zones abstract: Longevity is rightly considered one of the greatest achievements of modern society, not only as a function of lifespan, but, more importantly, as a function of healthspan. There are Longevity Blue Zones (LBZs), regions around the world, such as in Okinawa, Japan; the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica; Loma Linda, California; Icaria, Greece; and Ogliastra, Sardinia, that are characterized by a significant percentage of residents who live exceptionally long lives, often avoiding age-related disability to a significantly higher degree than in the Western way of life. Longevity is not a universal phenomenon, so if there are places in the world with characteristics similar to the LBZs, it is important to identify them in order to better understand what other factors, in addition to the known ones, might contribute to a long and healthy life. Cilento, with a considerable number of old people and a number of factors that increase longevity, can be considered an undisclosed Blue Zone and can be compared with other Blue Zones in order to highlight factors that may be associated with increased longevity.


Xs: 6.4365234 Ys: -0.99579334 Publish year: 2012 keyword: thai__longevity_diet source: Thai title: The oviposition of the chili fruit fly (Bactrocera latifrons Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) with reference to reproductive capacity abstract: The chili fruit fly, Bactrocera latifrons Hendel, is a serious pest of chili fruit production in Thailand. To determine the effective control planning of the fly population, the oviposition related to reproductive capacity of the female were observed. The female ovary was daily dissected through the entire life span and the eggs inside the ovary were examined and counted. There were 44.84±19.60 eggs/ovary. The oviposition of female was simultaneously conducted. Eggs inside the ovary presented on 8 th day and the female oviposited on 10th day of the life span. The female laid 4.25±2.28 eggs, which was 12.45± 9.56 fold less than the reproductive capacity. The female longevity was 31.1±8.40 days and the oviposition period was 40 days.


Xs: 3.2395139 Ys: 0.48613203 Publish year: 2013 keyword: thai__longevity_diet source: Thai title: Bullying and Its Associated Factors among School-Aged Adolescents in Thailand abstract: The aim of this study were to assess bullying and its associated factors in school-going adolescents in Thailand. Using data from the Thailand Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) 2008, the prevalence of being bullied and its associated factors among adolescents ( = 2758) was assessed. The study found an overall prevalence of being bullied on one or more days during the past 30 days of 27.8%, 32.9% among males and 23.2% among females. The predominant forms of being bullied were among boys being hit, kicked, pushed, shoved around, or locked indoors and among girls making fun of with sexual jokes, comments, and gestures. Among boys risk factors for having been bullied were younger age (adjusted odds ratio to (AOR): 0.34; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.18-0.65), having been in a physical fight (AOR: 3.64; 95% CI: 2.84-4.66), being physically inactive (AOR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.04-2.15), truancy (AOR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.13-2.45), and psychosocial distress (AOR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.14-3.74), and among girls risk factors for having been bullied were having been in a physical fight (AOR: 2.91; 95% CI: 2.00-4.24), lack of parental bonding (AOR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.51-0.99), and psychosocial distress (AOR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.39-4.03). Results may inform school health programmes on the prevalence and correlates of bullying among adolescents in Thailand.


Xs: 3.710519 Ys: -0.012095742 Publish year: 2002 keyword: thai__longevity_diet source: Thai title: The Meaning of Cooking and Recipe Work for Older Thai and New Zealand Women abstract: In spite of disparate cultural knowledge and beliefs, and diversity of individual practices, the food‐centred occupations of older New Zealand and Thai women share common meanings. When women talk about preparing, sharing and giving foods at Christmas and Songkran, their stories uncover dimensions of meaning that span time and geography. The meanings encompass the symbolism of celebratory food, transmission of tradition and recipes from grandmothers to their daughters and granddaughters, and claiming recognition and identity through food‐centred occupations. These meanings very much seem to belong to the world of older women and their felt place in that world. For women in New Zealand these meanings arise in a context of colonisation and rapid cultural change, whereas the Thai women's experiences are predicated on an expectation of cultural continuity. The findings are drawn from a collaborative, interpretive study conducted in Auckland, New Zealand and Chiang Mai, Thailand in 2000. Focus groups were used to gather narrative data, and in this context the researchers observed women engaging in, and gaining pleasure from, talking about recipes. The phenomenon of recipe work is seldom discussed in other literature and is defined by the researchers as talking about or doing things related to recipes. Research to further explore this phenomenon is recommended.


Xs: 5.361242 Ys: 1.9738704 Publish year: 2020 keyword: thai__longevity_diet source: Thai title: Memory-Enhancing Effect of a Phytosome Containing the Combined Extract of Mulberry Fruit and Ginger in an Animal Model of Ischemic Stroke with Metabolic Syndrome abstract: The prevalence of dementia following cerebral ischemia in metabolic syndrome (MetS) condition is increasing, and most of the cases are often severe. Unfortunately, no effective strategy for treating this condition is available. Based on the positive modulation effect of a polyphenol-rich substance on dementia and the improvement in bioavailability and stability of polyphenols induced by the phytosome technique together with the use of the synergistic concept, we hypothesized that a phytosome containing the combined extract of mulberry fruit and ginger (PMG) should mitigate dementia and memory impairment following ischemic stroke in MetS. MetS was induced in male Wistar rats weighing 180-200 g by exposure to a 16-week feeding period of high-carbohydrate high-fat (HCHF) diet. MetS rats were orally given PMG at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg·kg-1 BW 21 days before and 21 days after the occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery (Rt. MCAO). Then, their spatial memory was determined and the possible underlying mechanisms explored via the alterations of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), neuron density, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and signal transduction via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in both the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus. It was found that PMG significantly enhanced memory. It also decreased AChE, IL-6, and MDA but increased SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, neuron density, and phosphorylation of ERK. These data suggested the cognitive enhancing effect of PMG. The possible underlying mechanisms might occur partly via the improvement of cholinergic function via the ERK pathway together with the decrease in neurodegeneration induced by the reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation. However, a subchronic toxicity study is also required to assure the safety of PMG consumption before moving forward to a clinical trial study.


Xs: 3.0811193 Ys: 0.07358224 Publish year: 2017 keyword: thai__longevity_diet source: Thai title: Twice‐Weekly Hemodialysis in China: Can It Be A Better Option for Initiation or Maintenance Dialysis Therapy? abstract: Cumulative evidence indicates it may be worthwhile revisiting the twice-weekly hemodialysis (HD) regimen as a valid option for individualized or incremental treatments for selected patients with end-stage renal disease. In this article, we will review the current evidences on the potential pros and cons of twice-weekly HD compared to thrice-weekly HD including China's experience in the practice of twice-weekly HD. A prudent patient selection and close dialysis adequacy monitoring might be necessary for this medical treatment choice. More randomized prospective controlled studies for the critical evaluation of twice-weekly dialysis are encouraged.


Xs: 6.439587 Ys: -1.1138351 Publish year: 2010 keyword: thai__longevity_diet source: Thai title: The impact of larval and adult dietary restriction on lifespan, reproduction and growth in the mosquito Aedes aegypti abstract: Dietary restriction extends lifespan in many organisms, but little is known about how it affects hematophagous arthropods. We demonstrated that diet restriction during either larval or adult stages extends Aedes aegypti lifespan. A. aegypti females fed either single or no blood meals survived 30-40% longer than those given weekly blood meals. However, mosquitoes given weekly blood meals produced far more eggs. To minimize reproduction's impact on lifespan, adult mosquitoes were fed artificial blood meals containing <10% of the protein in normal human blood, minimizing egg production. A. aegypti fed artificial blood meals containing 25mg/ml of BSA had significantly shorter lifespans than those fed either 10 or 5mg/ml. To assess the impact of larval dietary restriction on adult lifespan, we maintained larval A. aegypti on 2X, 1X (normal diet), 0.5X or 0.25X diets. Adult mosquitoes fed 0.5X and 0.25X larval diets survived significantly longer than those fed the 2X larval diet regardless of adult diet. In summary, dietary restriction during both larval and adult stages extends lifespan. This diet-mediated lifespan extension has important consequences for understanding how dietary restriction regulates lifespan and disease transmission.


Xs: 5.04696 Ys: 2.2519834 Publish year: 2019 keyword: thai__longevity_diet source: Thai title: Cerebroprotective Effect against Cerebral Ischemia of the Combined Extract of Oryza sativa and Anethum graveolens in Metabolic Syndrome Rats abstract: The novel strategy against ischemic stroke in metabolic syndrome (MetS) targeting at oxidative stress and inflammation has gained attention due to the limitation of the current therapy. Due to the antioxidant and anti-inflammation of the combined extract of Oryza sativa and Anethum graveolens , the cerebroprotective effect against cerebral ischemia in MetS condition has been focused. Since no data were available, this study was set up to determine the effects of the combined extract of Oryza sativa L. and Anethum graveolens Linn. against ischemic stroke in the animal model of metabolic syndrome. The possible underlying mechanism was also further investigated. Male Wistar rats (180-220 g) were fed with high-carbohydrate high-fat diet (HCHF diet) to induce metabolic syndrome-like condition. Then, MetS rats were subjected to reperfusion injury at the right middle cerebral artery. The combined extract of O. sativa and A. graveolens (OA extract) at doses of 0.5, 5, and 50 mg/kg BW was fed once daily for 21 days. Neurological assessment was performed every 7 days throughout the experimental period. At the end of study, brain infarction volume, neuron and glial fibrillary acidic protein- (GFAP-) positive cell density, the oxidative stress status, the expressions of proinflammatory cytokines (NF- κ B, IL-6), and eNOS in the cortical area together with the expression of VCAM-1 and the histological changes of common carotid artery were determined. It was found that OA extract decreased brain infarction, neurological score, oxidative stress status, and inflammatory mediators but increased eNOS expression in the cortical area; the increased VCAM-1 and intima-media thickness together with the reduction of lumen diameter of common carotid artery of MetS eats with MCAO were also mitigated by OA extract. These data suggest the cerebroprotective effect of OA, and the underlying mechanism may occur partly via the improvement of oxidative stress status, inflammation, and brain blood supply.


Xs: 7.4571137 Ys: 2.485725 Publish year: 2013 keyword: thai__longevity_diet source: Thai title: Total and Inorganic Arsenic Contents in Some Edible Zingiberaceous Rhizomes in Thailand abstract: The arsenic accumulation in rhizomes of Zingiberaceous plants was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry interfaced with hydride generation system (HG-AAS). The raw herbal materials, rhizomes, were collected from different regions of Thailand between December 2011 and January 2012. Six well-known Zingiberaceous plants, 16 samples from each and a total of 96 samples, were analyzed Alpinia galanga (Khaa), Boesenbergia rotunda (Kra-chaai), Curcuma longa (Khamin-chan), Curcuma zedoaria (Khamin-oi), Zingiber cassumunar (Plai) and Zingiber officinale (Ginger). Concentrations of total arsenic based on dry weight were 92.4 ± 9.2, 103.5 ± 20.8, 61.7 ± 12.5, 89.8 ± 17.5, 106.7 ± 19.5 and 69.3 ± 11.8 ng/g, respectively and inorganic arsenic were 48.8 ± 7.0, 66.3 ± 12.7, 25.5 ± 5.0, 38.7 ± 4.7, 71.2 ± 11.6, and 38.5 ± 5.5 ng/g, respectively. Among these, Plai and Kra-chaai exhibited the highest levels of total arsenic and inorganic arsenic accumulation that remind consumers to be aware of excess consuming of these rhizomes. On the contrary, the lowest value found in Khamin-chan indicating natural dietary supplements and herbal medicines comprising Kamin-chan are safe from arsenic poison. All investigated amounts of total and inorganic arsenic were much lower than limits recommended by Thai Food and Drug Administration.


Xs: 4.341899 Ys: 0.6054605 Publish year: 2015 keyword: thai__longevity_diet source: Thai title: Trust and willingness to pay for nanotechnology food abstract: We analyze the role of trust in the evaluation of a new food technology, namely nanotechnology. A literature review in the social and economic sciences reveals that many different trust concepts are available. The economics literature suggests that trust can lead to lower efforts of self-protecting behavior. Translating this concept into the framework of willingness to pay (WTP) for food products allows for the derivation of hypotheses on the workings of trust. We show that WTP for new food characteristics increases with trust also when new information about the technology is revealed. The results are confirmed with online survey data for Canada and Germany and experimental data in Germany.


Xs: 3.4739692 Ys: -0.16063415 Publish year: 2020 keyword: thai__longevity_diet source: Thai title: A Study of Gender Differences in Recreational Activities among the Retired Thai People abstract: The objective of this research was to study the difference of gender in the recreational activities of Thai people in the retirement age. The key variables of this study were payment for the activities, supporting factors, satisfaction in recreation, and benefits in recreational activities. The 394 respondents who joined the Ma-Kham-Wan game in Phetchabun province in 2019 were the sample of this research. The study used the convenience sampling method to collect the questionnaire from them. For the statistical analysis, the researchers employed descriptive statistics and t-test for the data analysis. The research results revealed that (1) the majority of the respondents were Female at 268 persons equal to 68 percent, approximately 80 percent was 61-70 years old, around 60 percent was Bachelor Degree, 55 percent had owned house, about 50 percent of the retired respondents had income between 450 – 750 USD per month and approximately 70 percent of the respondents paid for the recreational activities between 150 – 450 USD per time, (2) the payment for recreational activities was not significantly different between the retired female and male, (3) the financial supporting from their family had statistically significant difference between the retired female and male, but the other supporting variables like traveling and advisory supports were not significantly different between the female and male respondents, (4) the satisfaction factors both physical and psychological satisfactions had a significantly difference between the retired female and male, (5) the perception of the benefit in recreational activities between the female and male was different in the aspect of quality of life, it found that the retired female accepted this point higher than the male, and (6) the physical and stress-reduced benefits from recreational activities were not different between the female and male. The study suggests that the policymakers should promote the recreational activities for the retired Thais around the country both retired females and males. This will help to support the retirement people to have a better life quality and be healthy both physical and psychological aspects. Also, the family of retirement people should focus on their interest and satisfaction in the recreation for a healthy life and support them on benefits from recreational activities.


Xs: 2.4695666 Ys: 0.7381426 Publish year: 2023 keyword: thai__longevity_diet source: Thai title: The Effects of 12-Week Traditional Thai Exercise (Ruesi Dadton) on Glycemic Control and Inflammatory Markers in Prediabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial abstract: Hyperglycemia and inflammation are hallmarks of the prediabetes stage, which has the potential to develop into diabetes mellitus. In this stage, lifestyle changes and exercise are recommended and have been shown to be effective. However, there has been insufficient study investigating the impact of Ruesi Dadton (RD) exercise on prediabetes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of RD exercise on biomarkers of glycemic level including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), the 2 h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), the biomarkers of inflammation C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), and body mass index (BMI) on prediabetes during 12-week RD exercise. A total of 64 participants were randomly assigned into two groups, RD and control (CON), and were tested by measuring their glycemic levels to screen for prediabetes. The RD group was instructed to perform 10 postures of RD exercise in 60 min, three times a week. The CON group received standard lifestyle recommendations that were not pharmacologically managed. The results reveal that the RD group experienced a significant decrease in FPG, OGTT, HbA1C, and IL-6 (p < 0.01), and BMI and CRP (p < 0.05) compared to the CON group. In addition, the CON group had considerably higher glycemic levels, BMI and IL-6 levels (p < 0.01). Our study demonstrates that RD could decrease the biomarkers of glycemic level and inflammation during 12 weeks of RD exercise in prediabetes. These findings suggest that RD exercise is an effective approach for reducing systemic inflammation and controlling glycemic levels in prediabetic patients.


Xs: 4.2903214 Ys: -1.0748646 Publish year: 2013 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Longevity and Diet. Myth or pragmatism? abstract: Longevity is a very complex phenomenon, because many environmental, behavioral, socio-demographic and dietary factors influence the physiological pathways of aging and life-expectancy. Nutrition has been recognized to have an important impact on overall mortality and morbidity; and its role in extending life expectancy has been the object of extensive scientific research. This paper reviews the pathophysiological mechanisms that potentially link aging with diet and the scientific evidence supporting the anti-aging effect of the traditional Mediterranean diet, as well as of some specific foods. The diet and several of its components have additionally been shown to have beneficial effects on the co-morbidities typical of elderly populations. Furthermore, the epigenetic effects of diet on the aging process - through calorie restriction and the consumption of foods like red wine, orange juice, probiotics and prebiotics - have attracted scientific interest. Some, such as dark chocolate, red wine, nuts, beans, avocados are being promoted as anti-aging foods, due to their anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Finally, an important moderator in the relationship between diet, longevity and human health remains the socio-economic status of individual, as a healthy diet, due to its higher cost, is closely related to higher financial and educational status.


Xs: 4.2807007 Ys: -0.9574563 Publish year: 2021 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Healthy Diet for Healthy Aging abstract: Extending healthspan is a major public health challenge. Diet is one of the modifiable factors for preventing age-related diseases and preserving overall good health status during aging. Optimizing individuals’ intrinsic capacity, including domains in cognition, psychological, sensory function, vitality, and locomotion, has been proposed as a model of healthy aging by the World Health Organization. To better understand the relationships between a healthy diet and healthy aging, this review summarizes the recent epidemiologic and clinical data for dietary patterns that have been shown to play a role in (domains of) healthy aging. Regardless of priori or posteriori dietary patterns, it appears that dietary patterns centered on plant-based foods have a beneficial role in (domains of) healthy aging. Our review identified a knowledge gap in dietary patterns and multidimensional concepts of healthy aging. More epidemiological studies should consider intrinsic capacity as an outcome measure to further our understanding of a healthy diet and multidimensional concepts of healthy aging. When a sufficient number of epidemiological studies is available, evidence can be synthesized and clinical trials can be designed to evaluate a healthy diet as a strategy for healthy aging to further our progress in translating evidence to practice and promoting healthy aging.


Xs: 4.0775576 Ys: -0.67871726 Publish year: 2014 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Diet pattern and longevity: Do simple rules suffice? A commentary abstract: Nutritionism reduces dietary advice to statements about a few nutrients, with sometimes unintended implications for science, industry, and the public. Although reductionist questions about nutrition are legitimate scientifically, a nutrient focus in the public arena forces the food industry to compete with the use of nutrient statements. Consumers must interpret information that may not be correct or relevant. The theory of food synergy, which postulates that the many constituents of individual foods and dietary patterns act together on health, leads to the idea that dietary policy would be clearer if it focused on foods. To illustrate this method, the food-based A Priori Diet Quality Score was described in the Iowa Women's Health Study; a substantial total mortality reduction for increasing quartiles of the score was found. The simple food-based rules implied in this a priori score support minimizing meat, salt, added sugar, and heavily processed foods while emphasizing phytochemical-rich foods. These principles could help improve nutrition policy, help industry to supply better food, and help to focus future scientific research. Although an understanding of what foods are best for health is a step forward in nutrition, other major challenges remain, including getting high-quality food to the masses and food sustainability.


Xs: 3.827191 Ys: -0.44146892 Publish year: 2018 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Eating a Balanced Diet: A Healthy Life through a Balanced Diet in the Age of Longevity abstract: Recently, trends in the Korean diet have favored westernized and unbalanced meals that mainly provide a single nutrient. To stop this unfavorable trend, the Committee of the Ten Guidelines for a Health Life: Korean Medical Association released three best practices to follow for the healthy and balanced diet in 2017. The purpose of these guidelines is to encourage people to eat a balanced diet that meets the recommended caloric intake, thereby reducing the risk of obesity and obesity-related diseases. First, eat a carbohydrate:protein:fat ratio of 55:20:25. Middle-aged and elderly Koreans consume a high proportion of carbohydrates as part of their total caloric intake, and those ≥65 years consume a low proportion of fat as part of the total caloric intake. Second, reduce consumption of soda and sugar-sweetened beverages. The recent World Health Organization recommendation for added sugar is less than 10% of a person’s total daily energy intake (


Xs: 4.033293 Ys: -1.1072437 Publish year: 2009 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Effects of the Mediterranean diet on longevity and age-related morbid conditions abstract: To delineate the influences of the Mediterranean diet (MD) on human mortality and age-related morbid conditions, principally the metabolic syndrome, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, excess body weight, cancer, poor bone mineralization and rheumatoid arthritis, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Citations were selected from a PubMed search according to their clinical and experimental relevance.
Individuals who adhere to the principles of the traditional MD tend to have a longer life-span. Both men and women who report eating foods closest to the MD are about 10-20% less likely to die over the course of a study of heart disease, cancer or any other cause. The longevity of Mediterranean people has been related to olive oil, and its several microcomponents of antioxidant potential, present in all MD variants. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome may be reduced by a MD. The MD is significantly inversely associated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. It also has benefits in relation to the prevention of cardiovascular events, reduces the risk of mortality after myocardial infarction, and reduces peripheral arterial disease. The risk of obesity decreases with increasing adherence to the traditional MD. The MD also has a preventive effect on cancer, through its antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects, mostly due to the components of virgin olive oil and vegetables. There is some evidence of the benefits of the MD in relation to bone metabolism, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurodegenerative age-related diseases (cognitive deficit, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease).


Xs: 3.9755423 Ys: -1.0655582 Publish year: 2001 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Mediterranean diet and longevity abstract: Mortality statistics from the WHO database covering the period 1960 to 1990 have provided intriguing evidence that something unusual has been affecting in a beneficial way the health of the Mediterranean population. In recent papers, which evaluated the evidence accumulated over the last three decades, it was concluded that the traditional Mediterranean diet meets several important criteria for a healthy diet. Direct evidence in support of the beneficial properties of the Mediterranean diet has also become available. These data were derived from three studies, which have used a diet score, devised a priori on the basis of eight desirable key features of the traditional common diet in the Mediterranean region. The conclusion of these studies is that a diet that adheres to the principles of the traditional Mediterranean one is associated with longer survival. The Greek version of the Mediterranean diet is dominated by the consumption of olive oil and by high consumption of vegetables and fruits. Antioxidants represent a common element in these foods and an antioxidant action provides a plausible explanation for the apparent benefits. Wild edible greens frequently eaten in rural Greece in the form of salads and pies contain very high quantities of flavonoids-- considerably higher than those found in red wine or black tea. While there is no direct evidence that these antioxidants are central to the benefits of the Mediterranean Diet, indirect evidence from epidemiological data and the increasing understanding of their mechanisms of action suggest that antioxidants may play a major role.


Xs: 4.6468563 Ys: -1.4132761 Publish year: 2013 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: What are the roles of calorie restriction and diet quality in promoting healthy longevity? abstract: Epidemiological and experimental data indicate that diet plays a central role in the pathogenesis of many age-associated chronic diseases, and in the biology of aging itself. Data from several animal studies suggest that the degree and time of calorie restriction (CR) onset, the timing of food intake as well as diet composition, play major roles in promoting health and longevity, breaking the old dogma that only calorie intake is important in extending healthy lifespan. Data from human studies indicate that long-term CR with adequate intake of nutrients results in several metabolic adaptations that reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Moreover, CR opposes the expected age-associated alterations in myocardial stiffness, autonomic function, and gene expression in the human skeletal muscle. However, it is possible that some of the beneficial effects on metabolic health are not entirely due to CR, but to the high quality diets consumed by the CR practitioners, as suggested by data collected in individuals consuming strict vegan diets. More studies are needed to understand the interactions among single nutrient modifications (e.g. protein/aminoacid, fatty acids, vitamins, phytochemicals, and minerals), the degree of CR and the frequency of food consumption in modulating anti-aging metabolic and molecular pathways, and in the prevention of age-associated diseases.


Xs: 4.860828 Ys: -1.5338227 Publish year: 2022 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Nutrition, longevity and disease: From molecular mechanisms to interventions abstract: Diet as a whole, encompassing food composition, calorie intake, and the length and frequency of fasting periods, affects the time span in which health and functional capacity are maintained. Here, we analyze aging and nutrition studies in simple organisms, rodents, monkeys, and humans to link longevity to conserved growth and metabolic pathways and outline their role in aging and age-related disease. We focus on feasible nutritional strategies shown to delay aging and/or prevent diseases through epidemiological, model organism, clinical, and centenarian studies and underline the need to avoid malnourishment and frailty. These findings are integrated to define a longevity diet based on a multi-pillar approach adjusted for age and health status to optimize lifespan and healthspan in humans.


Xs: 4.163528 Ys: -1.403522 Publish year: 2020 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: FASTING-MIMICKING DIET: a clarion call for human nutrition research or an additional swan song for a commercial diet? abstract: To cite this article: Francesco Sofi (2020): FASTING-MIMICKING DIET a clarion call for human nutrition research or an additional swan song for a commercial diet?, International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition To link to this article: https://doi. ABSTRACT Numerous studies have reported beneficial effects for fasting in cellular and animal models, but human studies have shown conflicting results. Recently, a new diet has been introduced both in the scientific literature and in the lay media, the so-called fasting-mimicking diet. It is mainly characterised by a diet period that imitates fasting (generally 4-5 consecutive days) consisting of low or very low-calorie intake with a low or very low contribution of carbohydrates and proteins and a high fat intake. This protocol has been tested in some experimental animal models that have studied different outcomes, and in two small clinical trials that have reported some alleged beneficial effects especially on cardio-metabolic risk parameters. However, these clinical trials suffer from many limitations that require attention. The purpose of the present paper is to review the experimental and clinical studies that have investigated this particular dietary approach and to critically discuss the results. ARTICLE HISTORY


Xs: 3.943725 Ys: -1.0543078 Publish year: 2010 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Does the Mediterranean diet predict longevity in the elderly? A Swedish perspective abstract: Dietary pattern analysis represents a useful improvement in the investigation of diet and health relationships. Particularly, the Mediterranean diet pattern has been associated with reduced mortality risk in several studies involving both younger and elderly population groups. In this research, relationships between dietary macronutrient composition, as well as the Mediterranean diet, and total mortality were assessed in 1,037 seventy-year-old subjects (540 females) information. Diet macronutrient composition was not associated with mortality, while a refined version of the modified Mediterranean diet index showed a significant inverse association (HR=0.93, 95% CI: 0.89; 0.98). As expected, inactive subjects, smokers and those with a higher waist circumference had a higher mortality, while a reduced risk characterized married and more educated people. Sensitivity analyses (which confirmed our results) consisted of: exclusion of one food group at a time in the Mediterranean diet index, exclusion of early deaths, censoring at fixed follow-up time, adjusting for activities of daily living and main cardiovascular risk factors including weight/waist circumference changes at follow up. In conclusion, we can reasonably state that a higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet pattern, especially by consuming wholegrain cereals, foods rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, and a limited amount of alcohol, predicts increased longevity in the elderly.


Xs: 4.5603414 Ys: -0.9480537 Publish year: 2000 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: A Theory of Human Life History Evolution: Diet, Intelligence, and Longevity abstract: Human life histories, as compared to those of other primates and mammals, have at least four distinctive characteristics: an exceptionally long lifespan, an extended period of juvenile dependence, support of reproduction by older post-reproductive individuals, and male support of reproduction through the provisioning of females and their offspring. Another distinctive feature of our species is a large brain, with its associated psychological attributes: increased capacities for learning, cognition, and insight. In this paper, we propose a theory that unites and organizes these observations and generates many theoretical and empirical predictions. We present some tests of those predictions and outline new predictions that can be tested in future research by comparative biologists, archeologists, paleontologists, biological anthropologists, demographers, geneticists, and cultural anthropologists.


Xs: 4.4722533 Ys: -1.369428 Publish year: 2010 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Longevity, Aging, and Caloric Restriction: Clive Maine McCay and the Construction of a Multidisciplinary Research Program abstract: Since the 1930s scientists from fields such as biochemistry, pathology, immunology, genetics, neuroscience, and nutrition have studied the relation of dietary caloric intake to longevity and aging. This paper discusses how Clive Maine McCay, a professor of animal husbandry at Cornell University, began his investigation of the topic and promoted it as a productive research program in the multidisciplinary science of gerontology. Initially, McCay observed the effect of reduced-calorie diets on life span and senescence while pursuing his nutrition research in the context of animal husbandry and agriculture. But when he received funding from the Rockefeller Foundation and started to participate in the establishment of gerontology during the 1930s, the scope of his research was considerably expanded beyond his original disciplinary domain. It became a multidisciplinary research program that attracted scholars from a variety of scientific and medical disciplines. This paper argues that through this expansion McCay's research created a means of maintaining cooperation among the diverse and heterogeneous academic fields constituting gerontology.


Xs: 4.3459673 Ys: -0.9232894 Publish year: 2009 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Nutrition, longevity and behavior abstract: Nutrition offers the means to improve health and well-being and among the predictive factors of successful aging, nutrition appears as one of the major determinants. Whereas adequate nutrition plays a major role in a healthy lifestyle that maintains bodily and mental functioning, inadequate nutrition contributes to a loss of function and to the development and progression of disease. At the moment recommended dietary allowance (RDA) is established to cover the needs of populations of the healthy elderly. In the future special recommendations for subgroups of individuals are essential, taking into account individual health status and genetic factors. Nutrient guidelines for elderly are basically the same as for young adults, propagating a balanced varied nutrition that is rich in complex carbohydrate sources, fruits and vegetables providing fiber, antioxidant and functional nutrients, fish providing vitamin D and essential fatty acids, adequate water supply in view of their potentially impaired thirst perception and reduced renal functions. Finally a balanced diet is the best way to avoid deficiencies and maintain health. If in subgroups of the elderly population an adequate nutrition cannot be achieved, low dose dietary supplements and/or fortified foods and beverages can contribute to improve nutrient intake.


Xs: 4.4840183 Ys: -1.1551214 Publish year: 2022 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Nutrition, Food and Diet in Health and Longevity: We Eat What We Are abstract: Nutrition generally refers to the macro- and micro-nutrients essential for survival, but we do not simply eat nutrition. Instead, we eat animal- and plant-based foods without always being conscious of its nutritional value. Furthermore, various cultural factors influence and shape our taste, preferences, taboos and practices towards preparing and consuming food as a meal and diet. Biogerontological understanding of ageing has identified food as one of the three foundational pillars of health and survival. Here we address the issues of nutrition, food and diet by analyzing the biological importance of macro- and micro-nutrients including hormetins, discussing the health claims for various types of food, and by reviewing the general principles of healthy dietary patterns, including meal timing, caloric restriction, and intermittent fasting. We also present our views about the need for refining our approaches and strategies for future research on nutrition, food and diet by incorporating the molecular, physiological, cultural and personal aspects of this crucial pillar of health, healthy ageing and longevity.


Xs: 4.151993 Ys: -0.88768494 Publish year: 2022 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Diet and longevity in the Blue Zones: A set-and-forget issue? abstract: The Blue Zones (BZs) are areas of the globe inhabited by exceptionally long-lived populations. They include the island of Okinawa in Japan, the island of Ikaria in Greece, the mountain area of the island of Sardinia in Italy, and the peninsula of Nicoya in Costa Rica. Their longevity is a relatively recent phenomenon that has been progressively investigated since the dawn of this century. Research efforts over the past two decades have sought to shed light on the factors associated with this longevity, as well as explore the possibility of lessons transferable to the general population. Among the features of BZ inhabitants, described in the literature, their eating habits hold a
prominent place, as these have the advantage of being easily quantifiable and applicable on a larger scale. However, it is too often taken for granted that the mere fact of being documented in a long-lived population makes the diet a causal factor of that population's longevity; this is a claim which should be proven. Furthermore, it is implicitly assumed that a specific BZ diet is homogeneous and remains stable over time, whereas some evidence suggests the opposite. Therefore, this review summarizes our current knowledge of the BZ diets and discusses whether they can be considered as a paradigmatic example of healthy nutrition valid for anyone or, rather, a set of evolving food patterns that has offered benefits to a few specific communities in recent decades.


Xs: 3.9835794 Ys: -1.0177451 Publish year: 2021 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Impact of Mediterranean Diet on Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Longevity abstract: The average life expectancy of the world population has increased remarkably in the past 150 years and it is still increasing. A long life is a dream of humans since the beginning of time but also a dream is to live it in good physical and mental condition. Nutrition research has focused on recent decades more on food combination patterns than on individual foods/nutrients due to the possible synergistic/antagonistic effects of the components in a dietary model. Various dietary patterns have been associated with health benefits, but the largest body of evidence in the literature is attributable to the traditional dietary habits and lifestyle followed by populations from the Mediterranean region. After the Seven Countries Study, many prospective observational studies and trials in diverse populations reinforced the beneficial effects associated with a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet in reference to the prevention/management of age-associated non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, depression, respiratory diseases, and fragility fractures. In addition, the Mediterranean diet is ecologically sustainable. Therefore, this immaterial world heritage constitutes a healthy way of eating and living respecting the environment.


Xs: 4.094569 Ys: -0.77754116 Publish year: 2008 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Dietary Patterns and Longevity Expanding the Blue Zones abstract: The scientific literature on diet and health is large and burgeoning. Until now, researchers have focused predominantly on the effects of individual nutrients and sometimes foods, but rarely on dietary patterns. Outcomes are often biomarkers, risk factors, or morbidity. Studies with total mortality as an outcome are uncommon, in large part because the sample size must be extremely large and/or the duration of follow-up long. Nonetheless, such studies are important because mortality as an outcome has unequivocal clinical relevance. In this issue of Circulation , Heidemann and colleagues1 document the relationship of 2 dietary patterns with total and cause-specific mortality.

Article p 230

The setting is the Nurses’ Health Study. In this large, prospective, observational study of 72 113 female nurses who were free of coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancer, factor analysis identified 2 dietary patterns from data collected on serial food frequency questionnaires. One pattern, called prudent, was characterized by a high consumption of vegetables, fruit, legumes, fish, poultry, and whole grains. The other pattern, called Western, corresponded to a high consumption of red meat, processed meat, refined grains, french fries, sweets, and desserts. Individuals were classified by their level of adherence to both the prudent diet and the Western diet. After baseline data collection in 1984, follow-up lasted 18 years, during which time 6011 deaths occurred (3319 [52%] as a result of cancer; 1154 [19%] resulting from cardiovascular disease [CVD]; and 1718 [29%] resulting from …


Xs: 4.8858614 Ys: -1.6832612 Publish year: 2021 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Molecular mechanisms of dietary restriction promoting health and longevity abstract: Dietary restriction with adequate nutrition is the gold standard for delaying ageing and extending healthspan and lifespan in diverse species, including rodents and non-human primates. In this Review, we discuss the effects of dietary restriction in these mammalian model organisms and discuss accumulating data that suggest that dietary restriction results in many of the same physiological, metabolic and molecular changes responsible for the prevention of multiple ageing-associated diseases in humans. We further discuss how different forms of fasting, protein restriction and specific reductions in the levels of essential amino acids such as methionine and the branched-chain amino acids selectively impact the activity of AKT, FOXO, mTOR, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), which are key components of some of the most important nutrient-sensing geroprotective signalling pathways that promote healthy longevity. Dietary restriction in rodents and non-human primates affects key nutrient-sensing signalling pathways to increase healthspan and lifespan. This Review discusses these geroprotective mechanisms and recent insights suggesting that dietary restriction results in similar molecular and metabolic changes in humans, contributing to the prevention of ageing-associated diseases.


Xs: 4.729583 Ys: -1.3200101 Publish year: 2016 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Does early-life diet affect longevity? A meta-analysis across experimental studies. abstract: Life-history theory predicts that nutrition influences lifespan owing to trade-offs between allocating resources to reproduction, growth and repair. Despite occasional reports that early diet has strong effects on lifespan, it is unclear whether this prediction is generally supported by empirical studies. We conducted a meta-analysis across experimental studies manipulating pre- or post-natal diet and measuring longevity. We found no overall effect of early diet on lifespan. We used meta-regression, considering moderator variables based on experimental and life-history traits, to test predictions regarding the strength and direction of effects that could lead to positive or negative effects. Pre-natal diet manipulations reduced lifespan, but there were no effects of later diet, manipulation type, development mode, or sex. The results are consistent with the prediction that early diet restriction disrupts growth and results in increased somatic damage, which incurs lifespan costs. Our findings raise a cautionary note, however, for placing too strong an emphasis on early diet effects on lifespan and highlight limitations of measuring these effects under laboratory conditions.


Xs: 4.0812764 Ys: -0.6853045 Publish year: 2021 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Evaluation of Dietary Patterns and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review abstract: Importance
The 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee conducted a systematic review of existing research on diet and health to inform the current Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The committee answered this public health question: what is the association between dietary patterns consumed and all-cause mortality (ACM)?

Objective
To ascertain the association between dietary patterns consumed and ACM.

Evidence Review
Guided by an analytical framework and predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria developed by the committee, the US Department of Agriculture’s Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review (NESR) team searched PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Embase and dual-screened the results to identify articles that were published between January 1, 2000, and October 4, 2019. These studies evaluated dietary patterns and ACM in participants aged 2 years and older. The NESR team extracted data from and assessed risk of bias in included studies. Committee members synthesized the evidence, developed conclusion statements, and graded the strength of the evidence supporting the conclusion statements.

Findings
A total of 1 randomized clinical trial and 152 observational studies were included in the review. Studies enrolled adults and older adults (aged 17-84 years at baseline) from 28 countries with high or very high Human Development Index; 53 studies originated from the US. Most studies were well designed, used rigorous methods, and had low or moderate risks of bias. Precision, directness, and generalizability were demonstrated across the body of evidence. Results across studies were highly consistent. Evidence suggested that dietary patterns in adults and older adults that involved higher consumption of vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, whole grains, unsaturated vegetable oils, fish, and lean meat or poultry (when meat was included) were associated with a decreased risk of ACM. These healthy patterns were also relatively low in red and processed meat, high-fat dairy, and refined carbohydrates or sweets. Some of these dietary patterns also included intake of alcoholic beverages in moderation. Results based on additional analyses with confounding factors generally confirmed the robustness of main findings.

Conclusions and Relevance
In this systematic review, consuming a nutrient-dense dietary pattern was associated with reduced risk of death from all causes.


Xs: 4.205779 Ys: -1.0717394 Publish year: 2011 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Lifestyle Factors of People with Exceptional Longevity abstract: To assess lifestyle factors including physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and dietary habits in men and women with exceptional longevity.
Retrospective cohort study.
A cohort of community-dwelling Ashkenazi Jewish individuals with exceptional longevity defined as survival and living independently at age 95 and older.
Four hundred seventy-seven individuals (mean 97.3 ± 2.8, range 95-109; 74.6% women) and a subset of participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) I (n = 3,164) representing the same birth cohort as a comparison group.
A trained interviewer administrated study questionnaires to collect information on lifestyle factors and collected data on anthropometry.
People with exceptional longevity had similar mean body mass index (men, 25.4 ± 2.8 kg/m² vs 25.6 ± 4.0 kg/m² , P=.63; women, 25.0 ± 3.5 kg/m² vs 24.9 ± 5.4 kg/m² ; P = .90) and a similar proportion of daily alcohol consumption (men, 23.9 vs 22.4, P = .77; women, 12.1 vs 11.3, P = .80), of regular physical activity (men: 43.1 vs 57.2; P = .07; women: 47.0 vs 44.1, P = .76), and of a low-calorie diet (men: 20.8 vs 21.1, P=.32; women: 27.3 vs 27.1, P=.14) as the NHANES I population.
People with exceptional longevity are not distinct in terms of lifestyle factors from the general population, suggesting that people with exceptional longevity may interact with environmental factors differently than others. This requires further investigation.


Xs: 4.8138595 Ys: -1.2693435 Publish year: 2009 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Beneficial effects of gradual intense exercise in tissues of rats fed with a diet deficient in vitamins and minerals: A pilot study abstract: This study evaluated the preliminary effects of intense physical training (swimming) on oxidative stress in rats with nutritional deficiencies.
Rats were fed with a standard diet or a diet deficient in vitamins and minerals for 4 months. The deficient diet contained one-fourth of the recommended vitamin and mineral levels for rats. From the second month, half of the animals were subjected to a swimming exercise in a plastic container with water maintained at 34 +/- 1 degrees C for 1 h/d, five times per week, for 11 wk. The rats were subjected to swimming exercise with loads attached to the dorsal region, which were progressively increased according to their body weight (1% to 7%). Sedentary rats were transported to the experimental room and handled as often in a similar way as the exercise group, except that they were not put in water.
In the exercised group, blood lactate levels were significantly lower and the heart weight/body weight ratio was significantly higher than in the sedentary group (P < 0.05). Increased lipid peroxidation was observed in the liver, heart, and skeletal muscle of rats fed with the deficient diet, but it was completely reversed by exercise. Exercise also decreased lipid peroxidation levels in the heart and skeletal muscle of rats fed with the standard diet (P < 0.05).
This pilot study leads to the continuity of the studies, because the partial results observed suggest that inadequate nutrition may enhance oxidative stress, and that intense chronic physical training may activate antioxidant defenses, possibly by hormesis.


Xs: 4.6232686 Ys: -1.1312444 Publish year: 2021 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Nutritional Regulation of Aging and Longevity abstract: Nutrition (diet composition and eating regimen) is one of the key factors of longevity. A balanced diet allows you to avoid essential nutrient deficiencies and hazardous substances to metabolic health. A healthy diet, containing enough dietary fibers, polyphenols, and metabiotics, maintains an optimal quantitative and qualitative balance of the microbiota. Aging is a complex of chronic inflammation and stress processes, so anti-inflammatory nutrients, antimutagens, and hormetins are an integral part of a longevity diet. One of the factors of inflammation is a hyperglycemic diet. Controlling the levels of simple carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, galactose) in the diet can reduce the level of glycation in tissues, which is a fundamental mechanism of aging. Several biologically active substances in food are capable of targeted suppression of aging-associated signaling pathways and activating pro-longevity stress-resistance. Diet personalization is the future of preventive medicine, taking into account markers of metabolic health, the nutritional density of the diet, and markers of biological age.


Xs: 4.907983 Ys: -1.7547522 Publish year: 2017 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: A Ketogenic Diet Extends Longevity and Healthspan in Adult Mice abstract: Calorie restriction, without malnutrition, has been shown to increase lifespan and is associated with a shift away from glycolysis toward beta-oxidation. The objective of this study was to mimic this metabolic shift using low-carbohydrate diets and to determine the influence of these diets on longevity and healthspan in mice. C57BL/6 mice were assigned to a ketogenic, low-carbohydrate, or control diet at 12 months of age and were either allowed to live their natural lifespan or tested for physiological function after 1 or 14 months of dietary intervention. The ketogenic diet (KD) significantly increased median lifespan and survival compared to controls. In aged mice, only those consuming a KD displayed preservation of physiological function. The KD increased protein acetylation levels and regulated mTORC1 signaling in a tissue-dependent manner. This study demonstrates that a KD extends longevity and healthspan in mice.


Xs: 4.529433 Ys: -1.081111 Publish year: 2014 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Nutrition and Ageing abstract: The world elderly population is rapidly increasing. This demographic change represents a new challenge for the society and demands for a multisectorial intervention to promote a long, healthy, and active life span. Between the factors that contribute in fostering a long healthy life, the nutritional regime plays a central role and is recognized as a major factor in the onset of chronic diseases. A better understanding of the interaction between nutrition and ageing is essential to unravel the mechanisms responsible for these positive/negative effects and to identify diet components promoting the quality of life in the old age and to contribute to the prevention of late-life disabilities. At Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, the research activity in food science is focusing on four main objectives: food quality, food safety, functional foods and diet balancing. These objectives are the target of multidisciplinary ongoing and future research activities for a better understanding of the link between diet and ageing. Briefly, the different activities are addressed to the study of the following subjects: the most relevant factors affecting food choices and habits of old aged persons; the effects of long term low dose supplementation of conjugated linoleic acid in mouse; the use of low glycemic index and high resistant starch foods to prevent diabetes and obesity; the adjuvant effect of food bacteria for vaccination; the role of food ingredients in disease; the immunosuppression effect of mycotoxins, and its relevance in ageing people; the production of sustainable and natural antioxidant ingredients to encourage a healthy diet. Our research projects emphasize an holistic and integrated approach that, by bringing together complementary research groups, can combine the collective expertise and thus provide a comprehensive assessment of the role of nutrition in healthy ageing people.


Xs: 4.1403365 Ys: -0.897133 Publish year: 2003 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Nutrition, diet, physical activity, smoking, and longevity - From primitive hunter-gatherer to present passive consumer-How far can we go? abstract: In millennia past, and until recently, among hunter-gatherers and like populations, in all populations, in measure, down through the ages, the securing of sufficient food was life's primary purpose. Virtually all people were physically very active during early life and later in their everyday occupations. In contrast, nowadays, in Western populations, with relative abundance of food, the way of life is mainly one of enjoyment of meals, of work, and of leisure time, in a context of as few as one child per family, and with long survival times of about 75 to 80 y, due in large part to much reduced child mortality and the effective treatments of disorders and diseases. As to changes in food consumption, compared with the erratic and often monotonous fares of the past, both far and not so distant, everyday diets have changed tremendously in variety, nutritional value, and palatability such that, inter alia, overeating is almost inevitable. Compounding the latter, sedentariness is the rule, in contrast to the previously very high level of everyday physical activity in the masses of populations. In consequence, one speculation is that, by 2230, "all Americans will be obese." Although the living of much longer lives is highly gratifying, understandably, all wish to have longer "healthy life expectancy," i.e. to suffer as little as possible before death. However, with regard to the present-day "passive consumer," although the practical recommendations for leading still healthier lives, dietarily and non-dietarily, are well known, very few are interested, and still fewer practice them. Nevertheless, for the few who, with determination, are eager to improve their lifestyles, there could be highly profitable lengthening of years of "healthy life expectancy" by eating less, eating more plant foods, being much more physically active, and restricting non-dietary risk factors (smoking, alcohol consumption).


Xs: 4.0728774 Ys: -0.9005111 Publish year: 2022 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Association of Diet Quality With Longevity and Successful Aging in Israeli Adults 65 Years or Older abstract: Importance:
To our knowledge, the role of overall diet quality in successful aging has not been conclusively demonstrated.

Objective:
To prospectively examine the association between diet quality and longevity and successful aging in a population-based cohort of older adults.

Design, setting, and participants:
Participants in "Mabat Zahav" (the Israeli National Health and Nutrition Survey of Older Adults), an older adult cohort (aged ≥65 years) consisting of a random sample of 1770 individuals, were recruited from July 2005 to December 2006 (time 1 [T1]). Survivors of T1 were again contacted and asked to participate in a second interview. From May 2017 to June 2019 (time 2 [T2]), an extensive face-to-face interview and a functional assessment were conducted in each participant's home in a subsample of 604 participants from T1, representing 72.7% of 820 surviving individuals who were able to complete interviews and assessments.

Exposures:
A 24-hour dietary recall, assessed at T1, was used to calculate scores from the 2015 version of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) (scores range from 0 [worst diet] to 100 [best diet]).

Main outcomes and measures:
Time to death, with follow-up lasting through June 2019, and successful aging. The latter, based on T2 assessment, was defined as (objectively measured) preserved physical and cognitive function and (subjective) mental well-being and favorable self-rated health. Inverse probability weighting was used in the analysis to minimize attrition bias.

Results:
At T1, the study included 1770 participants (mean [SD] age, 74.6 [6.2] years; 943 women [53%]). On average, participants with higher HEI-2015 scores had healthier lifestyles and higher socioeconomic status at T1. During a median follow-up duration of 12.6 years (IQR, 7.6-13.2 years), 893 deaths occurred. Among the 596 T2 participants analyzed (mean [SD] age, 84.1 [4.4] years; 334 [56%] women), 242 (40%) met successful aging criteria. After adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle risk factors, a higher HEI-2015 score was inversely associated with mortality (hazard ratios, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.72-0.99 in the upper tertile and 0.83; 95% CI, 0.71-0.98 in the middle tertile vs the lower tertile; P = .04 for trend) and was positively associated with successful aging (odds ratios, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.10-2.72 in the upper tertile and 1.30; 95% CI, 0.83-2.03 in the middle tertile vs the lower tertile; P = .03 for trend).

Conclusions and relevance:
In this cohort study of older adults in Israel, improved diet quality was associated with increased longevity and successful aging in a dose-dependent manner. These data contribute to the body of literature that suggests diet quality is associated with aging in the older age group.


Xs: 4.5065975 Ys: -1.1718498 Publish year: 2019 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Nutrition and longevity – From mechanisms to uncertainties abstract: Genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors primarily determine the lifespan of humans. From these, nutrition is a key component affecting our health, and several studies particularly in model organisms and rodents have shown that nutrition has also the potential to increase lifespan. This review, therefore, aimed to summarize and discuss the most important nutritional components and diets which have been repeatedly associated with longevity. A brief summary of mechanistic factors involved, like for example mTor, IGF-1, and autophagy, will also be presented. Finally, the association of foods and diets with all-cause mortality will be summarized by conducting a mini umbrella review of available meta-analyses. The main conclusions of this review are that caloric restriction without malnutrition, methionine restriction, lower protein intake or supplementation of spermidine are major life-extending factors, in model organisms or rodents. In humans, certain healthy foods are associated with longer telomere length, and reductions in protein intake with lower IGF-1 levels, respectively, both relations being associated with longer lifespan. Furthermore, a high intake of whole grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and also coffee is associated with a reduced risk for all-cause mortality whereas a high intake of (red) meat and especially processed meat is positively related to all-cause mortality. In addition, the Mediterranean and also high-quality diets are associated with reduced all-cause mortality risk.


Xs: 4.3855333 Ys: -1.0221747 Publish year: 2018 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Diet and longevity: The effects of traditional eating habits on human lifespan extension abstract: Since the dawn of time human beings have been trying to improve the quality of the existence and extend their lifespan. Genetic, environmental, behavioral and dietary factors influence the pathways that regulate aging and life expectancy, thus rendering longevity a very complex phenomenon. Although a long-lived elixir has not yet been found, physicians and scientists agree that nutrition has a major impact on the overall mortality and morbidity, hence becoming the subject of a widespread scientific research. This review describes, analyzes and compares the effects of different types of diets in reducing the onset of typicalWestern countries non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (cardiovascular diseases, tumors, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes, etc.), thus increasing the average lifespan. It will first depict the most relevant characteristics, nutraceutical properties and effects on the populations of the Mediterranean, Japanese, Vegetarian and New Nordic Diet. Finally, it will describe the impact of different dietary restrictions in modulating the genetic pathways that regulate metabolism and aging. Overall, this work reinforces the evidence that specific eating habits, in addition to healthy and active lifestyles, are crucial to increase people's health span and to achieve an optimal longevity.


Xs: 4.552444 Ys: -0.8913733 Publish year: 2019 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Veganism, aging and longevity: New insight into old concepts abstract: Purpose of review:
Plant-based diets are associated with better health and longevity. Veganism is a strict form of vegetarianism, which has gained increasing attention in recent years. This review will focus on studies addressing mortality and health-span in vegans and vegetarians and discuss possible longevity-enhancing mechanisms.

Recent findings:
Studies in vegans are still limited. Epidemiologic studies consistently show lower disease rates, such as lower incidence of cancer and cardiovascular disease, but mortality rates are comparable with rates in vegetarians and occasional meat eaters. Reasons for following strict vegan diets differ, which may affect diet quality, and thus health and life-span. New insights into some characteristics of veganism, such as protein restriction or restriction in certain amino acids (leucine or methionine) show potentially life-span-enhancing potential. Veganism improves insulin resistance and dyslipidemia and associated abnormalities. Gut microbiota as mediator of dietary impact on host metabolism is more diverse in vegans and has been suggested to be a health-promoting factor. Vegan diets do not fulfill the requirements of children, pregnant women or old individuals who should receive adequate supplements.

Summary:
There is substantial evidence that plant-based diets are associated with better health but not necessarily lower mortality rates. The exact mechanisms of health promotion by vegan diets are still not entirely clear but most likely multifactorial. Reasons for and quality of the vegan diet should be assessed in longevity studies.


Xs: 4.2683597 Ys: -0.91204816 Publish year: 2011 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Efficacy of Dietary Behavior Modification for Preserving Cardiovascular Health and Longevity abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its predisposing risk factors are major lifestyle and behavioral determinants of longevity. Dietary lifestyle choices such as a heart healthy diet, regular exercise, a lean weight, moderate alcohol consumption, and smoking cessation have been shown to substantially reduce CVD and increase longevity. Recent research has shown that men and women who adhere to this lifestyle can substantially reduce their risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). The preventive benefits of maintaining a healthy lifestyle exceed those reported for using medication and procedures. Among the modifiable preventive measures, diet is of paramount importance, and recent data suggest some misconceptions and uncertainties that require reconsideration. These include commonly accepted recommendations about polyunsaturated fat intake, processed meat consumption, fish choices and preparation, transfatty acids, low carbohydrate diets, egg consumption, coffee, added sugar, soft drink beverages, glycemic load, chocolate, orange juice, nut consumption, vitamin D supplements, food portion size, and alcohol.


Xs: 4.385029 Ys: -1.0967847 Publish year: 2007 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Caloric Restriction, the Traditional Okinawan Diet, and Healthy Aging: The Diet of the World's Longest-Lived People and Its Potential Impact on Morbidity and Life Span abstract: Long-term caloric restriction (CR) is a robust means of reducing age-related diseases and extending life span in multiple species, but the effects in humans are unknown. The low caloric intake, long life expectancy, and the high prevalence of centenarians in Okinawa have been used as an argument to support the CR hypothesis in humans. However, no long-term, epidemiologic analysis has been conducted on traditional dietary patterns, energy balance, and potential CR phenotypes for the specific cohort of Okinawans who are purported to have had a calorically restricted diet. Nor has this cohort's subsequent mortality experience been rigorously studied. Therefore, we investigated six decades of archived population data on the elderly cohort of Okinawans (aged 65-plus) for evidence of CR. Analyses included traditional diet composition, energy intake, energy expenditure, anthropometry, plasma DHEA, mortality from age-related diseases, and current survival patterns. Findings include low caloric intake and negative energy balance at younger ages, little weight gain with age, life-long low BMI, relatively high plasma DHEA levels at older ages, low risk for mortality from age-related diseases, and survival patterns consistent with extended mean and maximum life span. This study lends epidemiologic support for phenotypic benefits of CR in humans and is consistent with the well-known literature on animals with regard to CR phenotypes and healthy aging.


Xs: 6.0908294 Ys: -1.2498065 Publish year: 2012 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Reproduction-longevity trade-offs reflect diet, not adaptation abstract: A tenet of life history evolution is that allocation of limited resources results in trade-offs, such as that between reproduction and lifespan. Reproduction and lifespan are also influenced proximately by differences in the availability of specific nutrients. What is unknown is how the evolution of the ability to use a nutritionally novel diet is reflected in this fundamental trade-off. Does the evolution of the ability to use a nutritionally novel food maintain the trade-off in reproduction and longevity, or do the proximate effects of nutrition alter the adapted trade-off? We tested this by measuring trade-offs in male milkweed bugs, Oncopeltus fasciatus, fed either an adapted diet of sunflower or the ancestral diet of milkweed. Sunflower-fed males lived longer but invested less in reproduction, both in mating and fertility. Milkweed-fed males invested in both mating and fertility at the expense of survival. The evolution of an expanded diet was not constrained by the existing trade-off, but instead was accompanied by a different trade-off between reproduction and longevity. We suggest that this occurs because diets differ in promoting germ line development or longevity.


Xs: 4.425081 Ys: -1.0351084 Publish year: 2016 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Nutrient Intake Is Associated with Longevity Characterization by Metabolites and Element Profiles of Healthy Centenarians abstract: The relationships between diet and metabolites as well as element profiles in healthy centenarians are important but remain inconclusive. Therefore, to test the interesting hypothesis that there would be distinctive features of metabolites and element profiles in healthy centenarians, and that these would be associated with nutrient intake; the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), total bile acids and ammonia in feces, phenol, p-cresol, uric acid, urea, creatinine and ammonia in urine, and element profiles in fingernails were determined in 90 healthy elderly people, including centenarians from Bama county (China)-a famous longevous region-and elderly people aged 80-99 from the longevous region and a non-longevous region. The partial least squares-discriminant analysis was used for pattern recognition. As a result, the centenarians showed a distinct metabolic pattern. Seven characteristic components closely related to the centenarians were identified, including acetic acid, total SCFA, Mn, Co, propionic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid. Their concentrations were significantly higher in the centenarians group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the dietary fiber intake was positively associated with butyric acid contents in feces (r = 0.896, p < 0.01), and negatively associated with phenol in urine (r = -0.326, p < 0.01). The results suggest that the specific metabolic pattern of centenarians may have an important and positive influence on the formation of the longevity phenomenon. Elevated dietary fiber intake should be a path toward health and longevity.


Xs: 4.912207 Ys: -1.6387019 Publish year: 2016 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Diet and Longevity Phenotype abstract: Longevity phenotype is the resultant of a multifactorial process that permits an individual to survive, delay, or escape aging-related pathologies, thanks to genetic predispositions and external stimuli, such as diet, and is the principal modulator of human health through a fine modulation of gene expression.It has been shown that in a population undergoing the same stimuli, only offspring of long-lived people could manage erythrocyte membrane fatty acids, causing a reduction of oxidative stress and an increment of membrane integrity. Mutations in genes implicated in the elongation of fatty acid chains confer metabolic advantages to the organism. In addition, caloric restriction is shown to have a direct consequence also on the sympathetic nervous system with a modulation of heart rate variability. These findings suggest a new way to understand how to perturb the aging process through nutrition in an attempt to mimic the metabolism of individuals genetically predisposed to the longevity phenotype.


Xs: 4.8003664 Ys: -1.5453265 Publish year: 2013 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Calorie Restriction and Dietary Restriction Mimetics: A Strategy for Improving Healthy Aging and Longevity abstract: Improvements in health care have increased human life expectancy in recent decades, and the elderly population is thus increasing in most developed countries. Unfortunately this still means increased years of poor health or disability. Since it is not yet possible to modify our genetic background, the best anti-aging strategy is currently to intervene on environmental factors, aiming to reduce the incidence of risk factors of poor health. Calorie restriction (CR) with adequate nutrition is the only non-genetic, and the most consistent non-pharmacological, intervention that extends lifespan in model organisms from yeast to mammals, and protects against the deterioration of biological functions, delaying or reducing the risk of many age-related diseases. The biological mechanisms of CR's beneficial effects include modifications in energy metabolism, oxidative stress, insulin sensitivity, inflammation, autophagy, neuroendocrine function and induction of hormesis/xenohormesis response. The molecular signalling pathways mediating the anti-aging effect of CR include sirtuins, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor G coactivator-1, AMP-activated protein kinase, insulin/insulin growth factor-1, and target of rapamycin, which form a pretty interacting network. However, most people would not comply with such a rigorous dietary program; research is thus increasingly aimed at determining the feasibility and efficacy of natural and/or pharmacological CR mimetic molecules/treatments without lowering food intake, particularly in mid- to late-life periods. Likely candidates act on the same signalling pathways as CR, and include resveratrol and other polyphenols, rapamycin, 2-deoxy-D-glucose and other glycolytic inhibitors, insulin pathway and AMP-activated protein kinase activators, autophagy stimulators, alpha-lipoic acid, and other antioxidants.


Xs: 3.8883705 Ys: -0.992383 Publish year: 2021 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Description of Lifestyle, Including Social Life, Diet and Physical Activity, of People ≥90 years Living in Ikaria, a Longevity Blue Zone abstract: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted to describe the lifestyle of people ≥90 years, living in Evdilos or Raches, two municipalities of the Greek island of Ikaria, classified a longevity blue zone. The 71 participants were interviewed and underwent the Mediterranean Islands study food frequency questionnaire (MEDIS-FFQ) and the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ). The frequency of social contacts was daily for 77.9% of participants, weekly for 16.1%, and monthly for 5.9%. Most participants (90.0%) believed in God, and 81.4% took part in religious events. A total of 62.0% attended Panigiria festivals. Access to primary health care was considered difficult in the past for 66.2% of participants, while 22.1% felt that it remained difficult at the time of the survey. The level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was 62.7% (61.6% in women and 64.0% in men). Physical activity levels were moderate or high for 71.8% of participants (59.5% of women and 85.3% of men). In conclusion, the participants had a very high level of family solidarity, social interaction and physical activity. The results concerning the Mediterranean diet are less convincing. It would be interesting to study the impact of these factors on the longevity of the oldest old aged people living in Ikaria.


Xs: 5.2819023 Ys: -1.3208364 Publish year: 2012 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Diet mediates the relationship between longevity and reproduction in mammals abstract: The disposable soma hypothesis posits a negative correlation between longevity and reproduction, presumably because these aspects of fitness compete for a limited pool of nutrients. However, diet, which varies widely among animals, could affect the availability of key nutrients required for both reproduction and longevity, especially protein. We used a comparative database of mammal life history data to test the hypothesis that carnivores experience less of a negative relationship between reproduction and longevity than herbivores. Annual reproduction and adult mass were significant predictors of longevity among all mammals; although, the relative importance of reproduction and mass for explaining longevity varied among trophic levels. In herbivores, reproduction was a stronger predictor of longevity than mass. Carnivores showed the opposite pattern with reproduction explaining much less of the variation in longevity. Omnivores showed an intermediate pattern with mass and reproduction explaining similar amounts of variation in longevity. In addition, longevity and reproduction were significantly higher in omnivores than herbivores and carnivores, which were not different from each other. Higher dietary protein at higher trophic levels may allow mammals to avoid potential conflicts between reproduction and longevity. However, there may be potential costs of carnivorous diets that limit the overall performance of carnivores and explain the peak in reproduction and longevity for omnivores.


Xs: 6.212431 Ys: -1.0345923 Publish year: 2022 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Dietary protein and sodium co‐limit cockroach growth and reproduction abstract: Both dietary protein (N) and sodium (Na) are essential nutrients for invertebrate growth and reproduction. Field studies show that insects aggregate in areas with both high protein and sodium and their abundance is co‐limited by these two essential nutrients, but the mechanism behind this aggregation is not well known.
We examined a possible mechanism that dietary protein and sodium co‐limit insect herbivore growth and reproduction. To test this mechanism, we conducted a feeding experiment examining the effect of these two nutrients by using artificial diets with two levels of protein and three levels of sodium on a generalist herbivorous cockroach Blaptica dubia .
Elevated levels of dietary sodium interacted with low protein level to increase cockroach nymph relative growth rate during earlier instars.
Female cockroaches always weighed more and had a higher relative growth rate than males regardless of dietary treatment. When compared between different dietary treatments, female cockroaches' relative growth rates were higher when fed with a high protein diet, while male cockroaches reached the final instar faster when fed with a high sodium diet.
Cockroach reproduction was not affected by protein or sodium alone, but the combination of a high protein and high sodium diet resulted in the heaviest offspring.
Our results suggest that both protein and sodium may be important for both the growth and reproduction of insect herbivores. The interaction of these two nutrients to improve cockroach growth and reproduction indicate a level of co‐limitation.


Xs: 4.4943657 Ys: -1.0968014 Publish year: 2022 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Role of plant-based diets in promoting health and longevity abstract: Western-style obesity-promoting diets are associated with increased inflammation, higher disease incidence and mortality. In contrast, plant-based diets (PBDs), which incorporate large amounts of vegetables and fruit, legumes, whole grains and only a small amount of meat, are generally associated with better health and lower mortality. This narrative review summarizes the evidence on health and life span in adults adhering to PBDs and discusses the potentially longevity-promoting mechanism of PBDs as well as limitations due to nutrient deficiencies.
Epidemiologic studies consistently report lower mortality rates in adults who adhering to PBDs when compared with people whose diet regularly includes meat. PBDs are associated with many health benefits, such as improved metabolic and inflammatory profile. In turn, the incidence of cardiovascular disease is lower in adults consuming PBDs, which contributes to their better health. The health-promoting effects of PBDs are still not entirely clear but most likely multifactorial and include modulation of the gut microbiome. The interest in possible longevity-promoting mechanisms of PBDs has increased in recent years, as many characteristics of PBDs such as protein restriction and restriction of certain amino acids are known to extend the life span. While there is ample evidence from animal studies, large-scale human studies, which also provide insight into the specific mechanisms of the effect of PBDs on longevity, are missing. However, due to the lower protein content of PBDs, there appears to be an age limit for the anticipated health effects, as adults over 65 require larger amounts of protein.


Xs: 6.181403 Ys: -1.2711893 Publish year: 2008 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: The effect of diet on activity in male Calliphora vicina blowflies abstract: The effect of diet on the activity of male Calliphora vicina R.D. (Diptera, Calliphoridae) was studied. Protein–fed males (PF) were significantly more active than males fed only on sugar and water (NPF); as a consequence they ingested more sugar. The phenomenon was probably due to PF insects spending more time in flight than NPF, as no significant differences were found between the wingbeat frequencies and flight speeds of tethered flies of the two treatments. Protein ingestion also had a physiological effect, as PF flies had heavier thoraces than NPF flies with increased titres of protein.


Xs: 4.857897 Ys: -1.5974256 Publish year: 2003 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Barger, J.L. , Walford, R.L. & Weindruch, R. The retardation of aging by caloric restriction: its significance in the transgenic era. Exp. Gerontol. 38, 1343-1351 abstract: The retardation of aging and diseases by caloric restriction (CR) is a widely-studied and robust phenomenon. Recent publications describe transgenic and other mutant rodents displaying lifespan extension, and the rapid pace at which these animals are being generated raises the possibility that the importance of the CR paradigm is declining. Here we discuss these models and evaluate the evidence whether or not the aging process is retarded based on longevity, disease patterns and age-associated biological changes. A comparison to rodents on CR is made. Because CR has been investigated for approximately 70 years with increasing intensity, there exists extensive data to document aging retardation. In contrast, for nearly all of the genetically abnormal models of lifespan extension, such data are minimal and often unconvincing; additional studies will be required to validate these strains as suitable models for aging research.


Xs: 3.993815 Ys: -1.0824704 Publish year: 2012 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Mediterranean Diet and Longevity in Sicily: Survey in a Sicani Mountains Population abstract: Over the past several years, increasing evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet has a beneficial influence on several age-related diseases, showing protective effect on health and longevity. Mediterranean diet refers to dietary patterns found in olive-growing regions of the Mediterranean countries. Previous data reported that in Sicily, Italy, the largest Mediterranean island, there are some mountainous regions where there is a high frequency of male centenarians with respect to the Italian average. The aim of the present study was to characterize centenarians living in one of this region, the Sicani Mountains, located in western Sicily. Present data shows that in this zone there are more centenarians with respect to the Italian average. In fact, in the three villages of the Sicani Mountains, there were 15 people ranging from 100 to 107 years old, of the total population of about 10,000 inhabitants. This centenarian number was more than six-fold higher the national average (15.0 vs. 2.4/10,000); the female/male ratio was 1.5 in the study area, whereas the national ratio is 4.54. Centenarians living in these villages had anthropometric measurements within normal limits and moderate sensory disability without any sign of age-related diseases, including cognitive deterioration and dementia. In addition, their clinical chemistry profile was similar to young controls and far better than that of old controls. Unequivocally, their nutritional assessment showed a high adherence to the Mediterranean nutritional profile, with low glycemic index food consumed. Overall, close adherence to Mediterranean diet seems to play a key role in age-related disease prevention and in attaining longevity.


Xs: 4.2801895 Ys: -0.9622063 Publish year: 2023 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Healthy longevity: a systematic review of nutrological and lifestyle aspects abstract: Introduction: In the context of healthy longevity, quality of life, genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors can determine the life expectancy of human beings. Nutrition is a key component affecting our health, and several studies show that nutrition also has the potential to increase lifespan. Objective: It was to carry out a systematic review of the impacts of nutrology and lifestyle on the longevity of human beings, as well as to point out the main dietary and lifestyle care based on the results of clinical studies. Methods: The systematic review rules of the PRISMA Platform were followed. The research was carried out from April to July 2023 in Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 311 articles were found, and 147 articles were evaluated and 47 were included in this systematic review. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 29 studies with a high risk of bias and 51 studies that did not meet GRADE. Most studies showed homogeneity in their results, with X2 =87.3%>50%. There is scientific evidence that nutrients and natural substances of human physiology and biochemistry such as melatonin and coenzyme Q10 control the functions of the immune system. Many metabolic or chronic diseases have been implicated with poor diet and lifestyle. Improved diet quality is associated with reduced all-cause mortality, whereas multivitamins and multimineral supplements can improve life expectancy. Overall well-being is improved when sedentary but sufficiently physically active adults reduce sedentary time and increase physical activity levels. The results of the pandemic indicate there have been a variety of lifestyle changes, physical inactivity, and psychological issues. Still, adults over 40 years old, with children, unemployed, and those living in a macroeconomic region were shown to be more exposed to unhealthy behaviors. The maintenance of dietary intervention through telemedicine can reduce the negative impact of eating habits and physical activity patterns.


Xs: 4.33132 Ys: -1.1139313 Publish year: 2016 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Nutrigerontology: A key for achieving successful ageing and longevity abstract: During the last two centuries the average lifespan has increased at a rate of approximately 3 months/year in both sexes, hence oldest old people are becoming the population with the fastest growth in Western World. Although the average life expectancy is increasing dramatically, the healthy lifespan is not going at the same pace. This underscores the importance of studies on the prevention of age-related diseases, in order to satisfactorily decrease the medical, economic and social problems associated to advancing age, related to an increased number of individuals not autonomous and affected by invalidating pathologies. In particular, data from experimental studies in model organisms have consistently shown that nutrient signalling pathways are involved in longevity, affecting the prevalence of age-related loss of function, including age-related diseases. Accordingly, nutrigerontology is defined as the scientific discipline that studies the impact of nutrients, foods, macronutrient ratios, and diets on lifespan, ageing process, and age-related diseases. To discuss the potential relevance of this new science in the attainment of successful ageing and longevity, three original studies performed in Sicily with local foods and two reviews have been assembled in this series. Data clearly demonstrate the positive effects of nutraceuticals, functional foods and Mediterranean Diet on several biological parameters. In fact, they could represent a prevention for many age-related diseases, and, although not a solution for this social plague, at least a remedy to alleviate it. Thus, the possibility to create a dietary pattern, based on the combined strategy of the use of both nutraceuticals and functional foods should permit to create a new therapeutic strategy, based not only on a specific bioactive molecule or on a specific food but on a integrated approach that, starting from the local dietary habits, can be led to a "nutrafunctional diet" applicable worldwide.


Xs: 4.6759286 Ys: -1.6447864 Publish year: 2020 keyword: longevity_diet source: Global title: Calorie restriction for enhanced longevity: The role of novel dietary strategies in the present obesogenic environment abstract: Calorie restriction (CR) is a potent modulator of longevity in multiple species. A growing body of evidence shows that sustained periods of CR without malnutrition improves risk factors involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurological disorders in humans. Innovative dietary strategies such as intermittent fasting and protein restriction have recently emerged as alternative approaches to boost compliance and improve markers of aging. Some of these newer strategies might provide benefits for healthy aging with little to no CR, and therefore, compared to traditional CR, may be easier to follow. Further to providing an update of CR studies in humans, the present narrative review appraises the influence of these contemporary dietary strategies on mechanisms posited to drive CR-induced longevity, including those involving energy metabolism, oxidative damage, inﬂammation, glucose homeostasis and functional changes in the neuroendocrine systems. The review also discusses the utilization of these diets for populations in the current obesogenic environment, and comments on whether current research can inform an optimal diet that attenuates aging, can be easily followed and promises to improve longevity in humans.